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TISSUE BIOMARKERS IN CANCER OF THE URINARY BLADDER AND KIDNEY High-throughput tissue microarrays in the study of urinary tract malignancies Harri Visapää Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA, and Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Academic Dissertation To be publicly discussed with permission of the Medical Faculty of the University of Helsinki, in auditorium 3 of the Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, on June 7th, 2003, at 12 noon. Helsinki 2003 Page 2 Supervised by Professor Aarno Palotie David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA, and Finnish Genome Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Reviewed by ...

Arsenic-Related Chromosomal Alterations in Bladder Cancer Lee E. Moore, Allan H. Smith, Clarence Eng, David Kalman, Sandy DeVries, Vivek Bhargava, Karen Chew, Dan Moore II, Catterina Ferreccio, Omar A. Rey, Frederic M. Waldman Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that inges- tion of arsenic in drinking water is a strong risk factor for several forms of cancer , including bladder cancer . It is not known whether arsenic-related cancers are genetically simi- lar to cancers in unexposed individuals or what mechanisms of carcinogenesis may underlie their formation. This study was designed to compare chromosomal alterations in blad- der cancers of arsenic-exposed individuals to provide insight into the mechanism of how arsenic may induce or promote cancer . Methods: A case–case study was conducted in Ar- gentina and Chile examining ...

N ORTHERN C ALIFORNIA C ANCER C ENTER , Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area 183 Bladder Cancer TABLE 1. Bladder Cancer . Annual Death Counts, Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates per 100,000 Population, a and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, 1988-2000, Greater San Francisco Bay Area b TOTAL MALES FEMALES Year Count Rate 95% CI Count Rate 95% CI Count Rate 95% CI ALL RACES 1988-1993 c 1,138 4.0 3.8-4.3 740 6.9 6.4-7.4 398 2.3 2.1-2.5 1994 225 4.5 3.9-5.1 140 7.5 6.2-8.9 85 2.7 2.2-3.4 1995 199 ...

Abstract. Adjuvant chemotherapies have been used to prevent recurrence of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), but their efficacies are variable due to the side effects of anti- cancer agents and the drug resistant property of the target cells. To provide experimental evidence for improving clinical management of TCCs, two human TCC cell lines, EJ and BIU, were treated for 1 or 2 h by 50, 100, 150 and 200 µ g/ml, respectively and their growth and death patterns were elucidated in 12-h intervals. The status of Fas, FasL and caspase-3 in the two cell lines were analyzed with immuno- cytochemical staining and Western blot hybridization, and their potential link to MMC-induced cell death was investigated by treating the cells with anti-Fas antibody (150 ng/ml) and by incubating the cells with an inhibitor of caspase-3 related proteases Ac-DEVO-CHO (250 µ M) 1 h before ...

141 Optimal therapy of high-risk superficial bladder cancer – consensus A Böhle The preceding chapters give an in-depth review of the topics and discussions which took place at the First Lübeck Symposium on Superficial Bladder Cancer . The object of this meeting was to hold controversial discussions and finally to reach a consensus on several questions regarding this tumour entity. This chapter is only a brief summary of the controversies arising and the consensus which was reached, and it is certain that not every point is considered. The reader is, therefore, advised to refer back to the relevant chapters to read the opinions and arguments of each author in depth, in order to reach his or her own opinion. A consensus can never fulfil all standpoints, nor can it represent all participants. Consequently, not all participants will see their own particular point of view reproduced exactly ...

bladder cancer International Consultation on the Diagnosis of Non-Invasive Urothelial Neoplasms, Ancona, May 11-12, 2001 Committee No. 3: Molecular Pathology and Cytometry Chairman: Michael J. Droller Rapporteur: David J. Waters Andrea B. Galosi Peter W. Hamilton Burkhard Helpap Karl H. Kurth David Lubaroff Giovanni Muzzonigro Bernd J. Schmitz-Dräger International Consultation on the Diagnosis of Non-Invasive Urothelial Neoplasms, Ancona, May 11-12, 2001 Committee No. 3: Presentation Important Issues that will enhance future communication Current knowledge Future research priorities International Consultation on the Diagnosis of Non-Invasive Urothelial Neoplasms, Ancona, May 11-12, 2001 Histology Morphometry Molecular Alterations Goal: Comprehensive ...

Bladder cancer is the second most common malignancy affecting the genitourinary system. It is largely a preventable disease because most cases probably result from exposure to environmental carcino- gens, the most important of which is cigarette smoke. Most tumors aris- ing in the bladder are transitional cell carcinomas; other pathologies are far less common. Most tumors diagnosed in the United States are con- fined to the epithelial or transitional cell layer of the bladder and are easily treated by transurethral resection. These tumors generally are low grade and have low potential for metastatic spread. Tumors that are con- sidered to be high grade and/or invade the deeper layers of the bladder wall have a much greater potential for metastatic spread. Such tumors can be cured if no evident or occult metastasis exists. The treatment of metastatic disease still is marginal, although recent improvements ...

The highest average annual age-adjusted incidence rate for the 1992-96 period was among white males (34.7 per 100,000). This is compared to 17.7 for black males and 8.8 for all females. Pennsylvania's 1992-96 incidence rate for white males is comparable to the National Cancer Institute's average annual SEER rate of 31.3 for 1992-96. There were 3,354 new cases of urinary bladder cancer reported for Pennsylvania residents in 1996, the second highest annual number ever reported to the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry. The annual age-adjusted incidence rates from 1987 to 1996 have been slightly higher in recent years for black males and white females. Annual incidence rates for white males and black females remained fairly stable over that ten-year period. White males had the highest average annual age-specific incidence rates during 1992-96 for almost every age-group. The role of cigarette smoking as an important cause of bladder ...

Bladder and Kidney Cancer Following Cyclophosphamide Therapy Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma for Lois B. Travis, Rochelle E. Curtis, Bengt Glimelius, Eric J. Holowaty, Flora E. Van Leeuwen, Charles F. Lynch, Anton Hagenbeek, Marilyn Stovall, Peter M. Banks, Johanna Adami, Mary K. Gospodarowicz, Sholom Wacholder, Peter D. Inskip, Margaret A. Tucker, John D. Boice, Jr.* Background: Cyclophosphamide is an established bladder carcinogen, but few studies have examined the relationship between dose and effect. The largest analysis to date in- cluded only seven cases of bladder cancer . No investigation has estimated the risk of kidney cancer . Purpose: The pur- pose of this study was to quantify the risk of bladder and kidney cancer following cyclophosphamide therapy. Methods: Within a cohort of 6171 two-year survivors of non- Hodgkin’s ...

research for a cure laboratory without walls National Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer FAQs about bladder cancer Frequently Asked Questions about common cancers. Page 2 Cancer FAQs What are the different types of bladder cancer ? There are three main types of bladder tumors, each differentiated by the way the cancerous cells appear under a microscope. By far the most common form is urothelial carcinoma (also known as transitional cell carcinoma , or TCC ), which accounts for approximately 90 percent of all bladder cancer cases. There are several subtypes of urothelial carcinoma, including noninvasive forms (in which the cancer is limited to the innermost layer of the bladder , called the urothelium) and invasive forms (in which the cancer has spread from the urothelium into ...

New York State Department of Health 2000 The New York State Cancer Surveillance Improvement Initiative Cancer of the Bladder among Males and Females 1992-1996 Page 2 The NYS Cancer Surveillance Improvement Initiative What is the New York State Cancer Surveillance Improvement Initiative? In April 1998, Governor George E. Pataki asked the State Health Department to develop easy to understand information that would help answer people’s questions about the number of cancer cases in their communities. The Health Department started the Cancer Surveillance Improvement Initiative in response to the Governor’s request. The maps and information in this booklet are from that project. Words marked in bold are defined at the side of each page. The project includes many activities. One ...

The highest average annual age-adjusted incidence rate for the 1993-97 period was among white males (35.1 per 100,000). This is compared to 18.7 for black males and 9.0 for all females. Pennsylvania's 1993-97 incidence rate for white males is somewhat higher than the comparable National Cancer Institute's average annual SEER rate of 31.3 for 1992-96. There were 3,539 new cases of urinary bladder cancer among Pennsylvania residents in 1997, the highest annual number ever reported to the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry. The age-adjusted incidence rates from 1988 to 1997 have been slightly higher in recent years for black males and white females. Annual incidence rates for white males and black females remained fairly stable over that ten-year period. White males had the highest average annual age-specific incidence rates during 1993-97 for almost every age-group. The role of cigarette smoking as an important cause of bladder ...

ANNIVERSARY ISSUE Current concepts in assessment and treatment of bladder cancer Waleed Hassen and Michael J. Droller Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is comprised of a variety of cancer diatheses that manifest a spectrum of distinct biologic potentials. The challenge is to control superficial disease recurrence and progression and to identify invasive carcinoma at an earlier stage, when it may be more amenable to cure. Curr Opin Urol 10:291±299. # 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Department of Urology, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA Correspondence to Waleed Hassen, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Department of Urology, Box 1272, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA Tel: +1 212 241 8711; fax: +1 212 876 3246 Current Opinion in Urology 2000, 10:291±299 Abbreviations BCG bacille Calmette±GueÂrin ...

192 LAPAROSCOPIC PARTIAL CYSTECTOMY Clinical Urology International Braz J Urol Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology Vol. 30 (3): 192-198, May - June, 2004 LAPAROSCOPIC PARTIAL CYSTECTOMY IN BLADDER CANCER – INITIAL EXPERIENCE MIRANDOLINO B. MARIANO, MARCOS V. TEFILLI Section of Urology, Hospital Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil ABSTRACT Proposal: The authors present their initial experience with a selected group of patients who underwent laparoscopic partial cystectomy for treating bladder cancer . Materials and Methods: In the period from June 1997 to April 2000, 6 patients, aged be- tween 38 and 76 years, having transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder , were identified as candidates to partial cystectomy. The procedure employed consisted in laparoscopic partial cystectomy and lym- phadenectomy with exclusive ...

381 Am J Epidemiol 2004;159:381–389 American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2004 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved Vol. 159, No. 4 Printed in U.S.A. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwh054 Case-Control Study of Bladder Cancer and Exposure to Arsenic in Argentina Michael N. Bates 1 , Omar A. Rey 2 , Mary L. Biggs 3 , Claudia Hopenhayn 4 , Lee E. Moore 5 , David Kalman 6 , Craig Steinmaus 1 , and Allan H. Smith 1 1 Arsenic Health Effects Research Group, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA. 2 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Catolica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. 3 Arsenic Health Effects Research Group, School of Public Health, ...

1193 Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:1193–1201 American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2003 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved Vol. 158, No. 12 Printed in U.S.A. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwg281 Case-Control Study of Bladder Cancer and Drinking Water Arsenic in the Western United States Craig Steinmaus 1 , Yan Yuan 2 , Michael N. Bates 2 , and Allan H. Smith 2 1 Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA. 2 School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA. Received for publication November 13, 2002; accepted for publication June 23, 2003. Numerous epidemiologic investigations have identified links between high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water and cancer , although ...

Bladder Cancer (Transitional Cell Ca) (Page 1 of 2) TREATMENTS FOLLOW-UP INITIAL SCREEN STAGING INITIAL DIAGNOSIS Cystoscopy TUR IVP EUA CXR CT Pelvis Muscle in Pathology Specimen? Mitomycin OR BCG (6 weeks) +/- maintenance OR Clinical Trial BCG (6 weeks) + maintenance OR Clinical Trial TUR and Surveillance Cystoscopy (q3mos for 4 yrs; q4mos for 3 yrs; q6mos for 2 yrs; then annually) Consider rebiopsy to exclude T2 Repeat cystoscopic biopsy to assess response Repeat cystoscopy to assess response (+/- biopsy if indicated) Residual disease? Residual disease? Continued Surveillance Cystoscopy (q3mos for 4 yrs; q4mos for 3 yrs; q6mos for 2 yrs; then annually) ...

4 6 4 Annals Academy of Medicine NAT2 Phenotype in Painters—K Golka et al N-acetyltransferase 2 Phenotype in Painters with Bladder Cancer and Controls K Golka,* MD , W Weistenhöfer,** MD , P Jedrusik,** MD , F Geller,*** MSc , M Blaszkewicz, + PhD , H M Bolt, ++ MD, PhD Abstract Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2, substrate: aromatic amines) in painters with bladder cancer and controls. Background: Until the beginning of the 1960s, painters in Germany have used, among others, azo dyes based on carcinogenic aromatic amines. Materials and Methods: Sixteen painters with bladder cancer and 26 healthy painters (controls) who were from the same areas in Germany and in the same age group (± 5 years) ...

Biochem. J. (1997) 321, 889–895 (Printed in Great Britain) 889 Biochemical analysis of a bladder - cancer -associated mucin : structural features and epitope characterization Alain BERGERON, He ! le'ne L A RUE and Yves FRADET* Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expe ! rimentale, Centre de recherche de l’Ho#tel-Dieu de Que!bec, 11 co#te du Palais, Que!bec, Canada G1R 2J6 Three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), M344, M300 and M75, were shown to define a unique tumour-associated antigen (TAA) of superficial bladder tumours. The antigenic determinants are expressed on a very-high-molecular-mass component and, in about 50 % of the positive samples, one determinant is also detected on a 62 kDa molecular species, observed only under reducing conditions. The objectives of the present study were to characterize further this TAA by analysing (1) the biochemical nature of the ...