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D3 Proteomic strategies in bladder cancer J.E. Celis Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark During the past 20 years, high resolution two-dimensional poly- acrylamide gel electrophoresis has been the technique of choice for analysing the protein composition of cell types, tissues and fluids, as well as for studying changes in protein expression profiles elicited by various effectors. The technique separates proteins both in terms of their isoelectric point and molecular weight. Usually, one chooses a condition of interest and lets the cell reveal the global protein behavioral response as all detected proteins can be analysed both qualitatively (post-translational modifications) and quantitatively (relative abundance, corregulated proteins) in relation to each other (http://biobase.dk/cgi-bin/celis). Presently, ...

bladder cancer SRR data A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U 1 Department of Health 2 Compendium of Clinical and Health Indicators 2000 3 Source: Office for National Statistics ...

bladder cancer Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer RANDOMISATION CHECKLIST HOSPITAL DETAILS Hospital__ Consultant in charge _ Name of person randomising patient Do not proceed until consent obtained & checklist completed Do not proceed until consent obtained & checklist completed Yes No WRITTEN CONSENT OBTAINED HAS THE CHECKLIST BE COMPLETED? ...

bladder cancer I Survived Bladder Cancer By Vincent E. Sussman http://survivorofcancer.homestead.com/ Sunday, October 3, 1999 Today, it is a beautiful day. I just returned from my two-mile walk and feel refreshed and fairly calm. Tomorrow, I check into St. Raphael Hospital in New Haven, Connecticut. On Tuesday, October 5, I will undergo a serious operation to remove my bladder and replace it with an exterior plastic bag. Two months ago, when I was going out to play golf, I noticed my urine was wine colored. It appeared to be blood. My golf game was worse than usual. When I returned home, I mentioned the blood in my urine to my wife, Rhoda. She was quite upset and told me to call my doctor immediately. The earliest appointment I could schedule with my urologist was several days later. I was told ...

BLADDER CANCER What Is Bladder Cancer ? The Normal Bladder The bladder is a hollow pelvic organ with flexible, muscular walls that stores urine. The average adult bladder holds about 2 cups of urine. Urine is made by the two kidneys and carried to the bladder by two tubes called ureters. The bladder empties the urine through another tube called the urethra. In women, the urethra is a very short tube that ends just in front of the vagina. In men, the urethra is longer. It passes through the prostate gland and the penis, and ends at the tip of the penis. Page 2 2 The wall of the bladder has several layers. Knowing how many of these cell layers the cancer has invaded helps doctors in evaluating a patient's outlook for survival and in selecting the most appropriate treatment options. A layer of urothelial cells (also called ...

BCG immunotherapy of high-risk superficial bladder cancer P Bassi, N Piazza, G Abatangelo, S Saraeb, R Carando, R Spinadin, GL Pappagallo, F Pagano A: Transitional cell carcinoma involvement of the prostate The transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) involvement of the prostate in association with bladder cancer (secondary TCC of the prostate) has been reported in 12–40% of patients. 1 It occurs more commonly in patients with multifocal carcinoma in situ (CIS) or tumours of the bladder neck and trigone. Prostatic involvement by TCC may involve different structures of the gland: q urethral mucosa q ducts q acini q stroma. The degree of involvement of the prostate has been shown to have an effect on the patient’s outcome. 2 The 5-year survival rates are as high as 100% in patients with ...

Eur Urol 1992;21(suppl 2):7-11 F. Pagano P. Bassi C. Milani N. Piazza A. Meneghini A. Garbeglio BCG in Superficial Bladder Cancer : A Review of Phase III European Trials Istituto di Urologia, Universith degli Studi, Monoblocco Ospedaliero, Padova, Italy Key Words Abstract BCG Shortly after Morales’ original report, several phase II trials confirmed the effec- Superficial bladder cancer tiveness of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in superficial bladder Phase III trials cancer therapy. Concerns have been expressed about the toxicity related to this Review new therapeutic modality. These phase II trial data led European urologists to try to answer some questions related to BCG therapy, such as the optimal schedule and dose, the most effective BCG strain and the value of BCG com- ...

Eur Urol 1992;21(suppl 2):12-16 D.L. Lamm West Virginia University, Morgantown, W.Va., USA Optimal BCG Treatment of Superficial Bladder Cancer as Defined by American Trials Key Words BCG Superficial bladder cancer Optimal dose Optimal schedule Review Abstract Immunotherapy provides an effective alternative approach to chemotherapy in the management of superficial bladder cancer . The first widely used immuno- therapy, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), eradicates residual tumour in one half of patients with carcinoma in situ. Unlike ‘chemotherapy, induction of immunity against transitional cell carcinoma has the potential of protecting patients from tumours which have not yet developed. Controlled trials suggest that BCG immunotherapy reduces disease progression, decreases the need for cystectomy and prolongs survival. ...

Eur Urol 1992;21(suppl 2):1 J.-A. Martínez-Piñeiro BCG for Superficial Bladder Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain Cancer An Introduction Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) non-specific immu- notherapy for superficial bladder cancer may be regarded as the most successful of all immunotherapies in man. Since its introduction into superficial bladder cancer by Morales [1] and by Martinez-Pifieiro [2] in 1976, the impact of BCG in the management of superficial bladder neoplasms, in particular carcinoma in situ (CIS), has been so remarkable that it is currently considered to be the greatest step ever taken towards the control of these malignancies. Three distinct clinical applications for BCG have emerged in the 15 years which have elapsed since the initial reports in 1976. Firstly, prophylaxis ...

Intravesical therapy of high-risk superficial bladder cancer : Discussion Lamm : Let’s begin our discussion with consideration of the patient with a high-risk T1 G3 tumour. Are we to believe from your presentation, Dr Stöckle, that you would recommend cystectomy for all of these patients? Stöckle : I would offer radical cystectomy to every patient, ensuring that he was informed of the risks and the possible benefits. Lamm : And would you offer BCG immunotherapy as well to all of these patients? Stöckle : If they refused a cystectomy, then yes. Lamm : Dr Herr, I think that your opinion is quite different from that – would you like to comment? Herr : If a patient presents with his first T1 tumour, or even two small T1 tumours and there is no evidence of disease in the bladder (carcinoma in situ , CIS) then it is hard to believe that cystectomy would benefit that particular patient. It is ...

The chance for patients with high-risk bladder cancer : optimization of intravesical BCG therapy: Discussion Jakse: Dr Lamm, from your data, maintenance therapy is effective in lowering the recurrence rate and probably has influence on progression. However, you initially stated that maintenance therapy would be for 36 months, yet only 16% of the patients maintained therapy for 36 months. Also, only 60% had therapy for 12 months or so. So should we believe that maintenance therapy should be given for about 12–18 months to be effective? Lamm: If you look at the recurrence curves, after 36 months there is an increase in recurrence (compared with baseline) which may reflect a time at which the immune stimulation has diminished to the point it is no longer effective. We do not know how long therapy should be continued, and I am currently recommending up to three, weekly instillations at 4, 5 and 6 years ...

BCG: The Optimal Approach in Superficial Bladder Cancer Proceedings of a Symposium held at the 14th European Association of Urology Congress, Stockholm, Sweden, April 8, 1999 10 figures and 13 tables, 2000 Guest Editor A. Böhle, Lübeck, Germany ABC Basel Freiburg Paris London New York New Delhi Bangkok Singapore Tokyo Sydney Page 2 S. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers Basel Freiburg Paris London New York New Delhi Bangkok Singapore Tokyo Sydney Drug Dosage The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to en- sure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of informa- tion relating ...

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Optimal therapy for patients with high-risk superficial bladder cancer – controversy and consensus The publication of these proceedings was sponsored by: Guest editors: A Böhle and D Jocham Pasteur Mérieux Connaught Canada North York, Canada Page 2 Published for The MEDICINE Publishing Foundation by The Medicine Group (Education) Ltd, 62 Stert Street, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, UK OX14 3UQ Sponsored by Pasteur Mérieux Connaught Canada Printed in the UK Published in 1997 © 1997 The Medicine Group (Education) Ltd Reprinted in 1997 This publication is copyright under the Berne Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means including photocopying, microfilming and recording without the written permission of the copyright ...

The highest average annual age-adjusted incidence rate for urinary bladder cancer during the 1994-98 period was among white males (35.4 per 100,000) - compared to 18.2 for black males and 8.9 for all females. Pennsylvania's 1994-98 incidence rate for white males is somewhat higher than the comparable National Cancer Institute's average annual SEER rate of 31.4 for 1994-98 period. There were 3,490 new cases of urinary bladder cancer among Pennsylvania residents in 1998, resulting in an age-adjusted rate of 20.0 per 100,000. This is the second highest annual number and rate during the 1989 through 1998 period. The age-adjusted incidence rates from 1989 to 1998 have shown no discernible trends among the four sex/race groups. Over 83 percent of all urinary bladder cases were diagnosed among residents 60 years of age or older. White males had the highest average annual age-specific incidence rates during 1994-98. ...

All-Ireland cancer statistics 1994-96 89 Bladder 20. MALIGNANT CANCER OF THE BLADDER (summary) ICD-O.2 C67 ICD-10 C67 ICD-9 188 Key facts • At least 705 cases per year, 1994-96: 210 in females, 495 in males. • Average of 265 deaths per year: 87 in females, 178 in males. • Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates about three times higher in males than females. • 5th most common site for cancer incidence in males, 12th (or higher) in females. • 8th most common cause of cancer deaths in males, 11th in females. • Irish incidence rates above EU average for females, at least, but international comparisons are complicated by lack of consistency in how "malignant" tumours of the bladder are defined. Summary statistics Table 20.1 Incidence 1994-96 On average each year, at ...

Expression of b 1 -integrins and N-cadherin in bladder cancer and melanoma cell lines *. Piotr Laidler 1 , Dorota Gil 1 , Anna Pituch-Noworolska 2 , Dorota Cio³czyk 1 , Dorota Ksi¹¿ek 1 , Ma³gorzata Przyby³o 3 and Anna Lityñska 3 1 Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, 2 Department of Clinical Immunology, Polish-American Children’s Hospital, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, 3 Institute of Zoology, Department of Animal Physiology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland Received: 29 May, 2000; revised: 20 October, 2000; accepted: 14 November, 2000 Key words: cadherins, integrins, cell lines, cancer , cytofluorimetry Changes in the ...

DNA Repair Gene XRCC1 Polymorphisms, Smoking, and Bladder Cancer Risk Mariana C. Stern, David M. Umbach, Carla H. van Gils, Ruth M. Lunn, and Jack A. Taylor 1 Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis [M. C. S., C. H. v. G., J. A. T.], Epidemiology Branch [J. A. T.], Biostatistics Branch [D. M. U.], and Laboratory of Computational Biology and Risk Analysis [R. M. L.], National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709 Abstract Bladder cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the United States. The main identified risk factor is cigarette smoking, which is estimated to contribute to up to 50% of new cases in men and 20% in women. Besides containing other carcinogens, cigarette smoke is a rich source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can induce ...

Last revised: 6/7/04 University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center Patient Education Document #0024 Sept03 Ed. Online version at: http://www. cancer .med.umich.edu/learn/pwbladder.htm 1 University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center Patient Education Resource Center (PERC) INFORMATION GUIDE Bladder Cancer The purpose of this information guide is to help patients newly diagnosed with Bladder Cancer and their families to find sources of information and support. This list is not meant to be comprehensive, but rather to provide starting points for information seeking. The materials can be found at the Patient Education Resource Center (PERC) of the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center in room B1-361. Pamphlets Available free at the Patient Education Resource Center on Level B-1 ...

bladder cancer by PF BASSI for GISCAV BLADDER CANCER : 1999 54,400 NEW CASES IN US 12,500 DEATHS 4th MOST COMMON CANCER OF AMERICAN MEN 8th MOST COMMON CANCER OF AMERICAN WOMEN SIGNIFICANT PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM INCREASE IN TOBACCO USE BY WOMEN & CHILDREN by PF BASSI for GISCAV Cancer Care Economics in the United States Current Standard of Care is aimed at managing risk of recurrence Source: Riley, G. et al Medical Care 8/95 by PF BASSI for GISCAV BLADDER CANCER SUPERFICIAL (70 - 80%) RECURRENCE (70%) PROGRESSION (5 - 30%) INVASIVE (20 - 30%) LIFE THREATENING 50% DIE WITHIN 5 YEARS DESPITE SURGICAL TREATMENT by PF BASSI for GISCAV BLADDER CANCER (JORDAN et al, 1967) ...

bladder cancer 513-681C Homework 1 Due: April 20, 2001 A case-control study of bladder cancer was conducted to test its putative association with dietary consumption of substance E. Cases and non-cases were selected randomly from white male hospital patients between 50 and 60 years of age residing in a large metropolitan area. The table below summarizes the data by history of cigarette smoking. From previous investigations, it is known that smoking is a risk factor for bladder cancer . Note that consumption of substance E has been dichotomized into consumers (E) and non-consumers (). SMOKERS NON-SMOKERS E E ...

bladder cancer The Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer Hugh Mostafid Institute of Urology London Introduction 6th commonest cause of cancer death in men 10th commonest cause of cancer death in women Commonest urological malignancy in women, second commonest in men Topics of Discussion Transitional cell carcinoma - superficial and invasive Squamous cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Superficial Transitional cell carcinoma Incidence: Male 32.5/100,000 Female 12.9/100,000 ~ 50 new cases / DGH / year Increases with age Median age at diagnosis: 69 (Men), 71 (women) Men > Women (3:1) Whites > Blacks (2:1) Invasive Transitional Cell Carcinoma 11,100 deaths in the UK ~ 5 deaths / DGH/ year Majority of deaths from ...

Bladder Cancer Overview: About 55,000 individuals are diagnosed with bladder cancer in the United States each year and about 10,000 deaths are reported for the condition. Bladder cancer is most common among individuals over age 50; the condition is three times more common in men than in women. Smoking has been indicated as a major risk factor, as is exposure to chemicals in certain industrial applications. The disease is also common with frequent visitors to the tropics where the parasitic infec- tion with schistosomiasis is prevalent. The most common type of bladder cancer is transitional cell carcinoma, representing roughly 90% of all bladder cancers. These cancers arise from the epithelial cells that line the bladder . Other types of bladder cancer include papillary, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma, which have a poorer diagnosis and are rated higher. Bladder ...

250 Clinical Urology Brazilian Journal of Urology Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology Vol. 26 (3): 250-255, May - June, 2000 GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF GENES GSTM1 AND CYP2D6 AND BLADDER CANCER ARNALDO J.C. FIGUEIREDO, HENRIQUETA B. COIMBRA, FERNANDO T. SOBRAL, JORGE MARTINS, ALEXANDRE J. LINHARES-FURTADO, FERNANDO J. REGATEIRO Department of Urology and Transplantation, University Hospitals of Coimbra and Department of Medical Genetics, Coimbra Medical School, Coimbra, Portugal ABSTRACT Objective: To study the relationship between GSTM1 and CYP2D6 polymorphisms and exposure to risk factors, and the occurrence of bladder cancer . Patients and Methods: The study included 77 patients with fully characterized transitional cell carcino- ma of the bladder , from whom a complete history was taken, and 191 healthy individuals, who served as controls ...

Developing a Blaise Instrument for the Spanish Bladder Cancer Study Richard Frey, Westat, U.S. I. Introduction The Spanish Bladder Cancer Study (SBC) is an occupational health epidemiologic study that has involved development and programming of an innovative Blaise computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) system for administering, in Spanish, seven core health study sections and sixty-three occupational module questionnaires. There are other study components that involve hospital case ascertainment and control selection in multiple hospital locations throughout Spain, along with a self- administered dietary history questionnaire and blood, urine and toenails specimen collection and shipment. The study is, however, mainly characterized by a large Blaise CAPI system with technically complex programming requirements, an extremely tight design and development schedule, and international study implementation ...

Progress in the Management of Metastatic Bladder Cancer Deepika Parimoo, MD, and Derek Raghavan, MD, PhD, FACP, FRACP Background: Inadequate survival results from single agents in the management of advanced bladder cancer have prompted several trials involving multidrug combinations to increase response rates and survival. Methods: Since the development of the MVAC regimen (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) and the CMV regimen (cisplatin, methotrexate, and vinblastine), other regimens have been tested. We evaluate results from regimens that include cisplatin combined with gemcitabine, paclitaxel, or docetaxel, and paclitaxel combined with gemcitabine or carboplatin. Results: Objective results observed with various new combinations are promising. Objective response (OR) rates of 41%, 59%, and 71% are reported with a regimen of gemcitabine plus cisplatin. Paclitaxel ...

Editorial C a n c e r C o n t r o l July/August 2000, Vol. 7, No.4 Cancer Control 307 Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is the second most com- mon urologic malignancy after prostate cancer . In the fight against bladder cancer , the clinician is con- fronted with two major clinical sit- uations: first, superficial bladder cancer , which accounts for 80% of bladder cancers at diagnosis, and second, invasive and metastatic bladder cancer . Bladder cancers present in many forms. Most present at diag- nosis as superficial tumors with a tendency to recur but never progress and invade. Others even- tually progress to invasive disease. Relatively few present as invasive disease at diagnosis. When invasive, some will be cured with aggressive ...

Contemporary Management of Superficial Bladder Cancer Julio M. Pow-Sang, MD, and John D. Seigne, MB, BCh Background: Bladder cancer is the second most common urologic malignancy after prostate cancer . Superficial bladder cancer presents as a heterogeneous group of tumors with variable biological potential. A significant percentage of patients diagnosed with superficial cancer will have multiple recurrences, and some will progress to invasive disease. Methods: Patients are stratified into low- or high-risk for recurrence and progression. We review the most recent literature regarding intravesical therapy for superficial bladder cancer , and we summarize indications for the use of intravesical agents as well as their efficacy, toxicity, and cost. Results: Several intravesical agents are available for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer . Patients ...

Sidi Bou Said,Tunisia, 1999. Courtesy of J. Bryan Murphy, MD, Clearwater, Florida. July/August 2000, Vol. 7, No.4 340 Cancer Control Bladder -Sparing Treatment of Invasive Bladder Cancer Inoel Rivera, MD, and Zev Wajsman, MD Background: Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection is the standard treatment for patients with invasive bladder cancer . However, many alternative techniques to spare the bladder have been investigated. Methods: We review the experience reported in the literature on bladder -sparing techniques, including transurethral resection, chemotherapy, and radiation for muscle-invasive disease. Results: Most comparative studies indicate that local recurrence and survival outcomes for bladder -sparing approaches are inferior to those from radical cystectomy to control muscle-invasive bladder cancer . Conclusions: ...