AllDocs -> cancers

Molecular Mechanisms and Pathways in Bladder Cancer Development and Progression Ichabod Jung, MD, and Edward Messing, MD Background: The basis for bladder cancer development and progression is complex and involves genetic abnormalities. These abnormalities yield phenotypic changes that allow normal transitional cells to become cancerous and finally acquire the “malignant phenotype.” Methods: The authors review the most common genetic alterations in bladder cancer and the molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in the conversion of normal transitional cell into malignant transitional cancer cells. Results: There are several potential genetic changes of the urothelium that eventually cause bladder cancer initiation and tumor progression. Some of these alterations are also found in other malignancies suggesting that key common pathways exist in the ...

The highest average annual age-adjusted incidence rate for the 1993-97 period was among white males (35.1 per 100,000). This is compared to 18.7 for black males and 9.0 for all females. Pennsylvania's 1993-97 incidence rate for white males is somewhat higher than the comparable National Cancer Institute's average annual SEER rate of 31.3 for 1992-96. There were 3,539 new cases of urinary bladder cancer among Pennsylvania residents in 1997, the highest annual number ever reported to the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry. The age-adjusted incidence rates from 1988 to 1997 have been slightly higher in recent years for black males and white females. Annual incidence rates for white males and black females remained fairly stable over that ten-year period. White males had the highest average annual age-specific incidence rates during 1993-97 for almost every age-group. The role of cigarette smoking as an important cause of bladder ...

Home Bladder Cancer Test: A Case Study Medicare patients suffering from bladder cancer cannot gain access to this prescription home-use test because HCFA's payment policies have led to confusion among its local contractors and, in most cases, have resulted in non-payment for the test. Summary Confusion and uncertainty over the Health Care Financing Administration’s (HCFA) decision to cut payment by roughly 70 percent for this test has led Medicare's local contractors to stop payment for the test altogether, thus virtually stopping all access for Medicare patients. The change in reimbursement results from HCFA's judgement that it will no longer permit providers to use the "immunoassay for tumor antigen" code when they bill for the device—even though FDA approved the device as an immunoassay for tumor antigens (proteins created by cancer cells). HCFA insists that ...

Postersession 1-57 Bladder cancer and occupational exposures to carcinogenic substances G ELLER F, U RFER W, G OLKA K Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie an der Universität Dortmund , geller@arb -phys.uni -dortmund.de Postersession 1-57 Introduction The relationships between assumed carcinogenic substances and bladder cancer were assessed from a case-control study conducted between 1992 and 1996 in Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany. The study concerned 156 cases with bladder cancer and 336 controls with prostate cancer . Data were collected from male patients who had applied for a cancer rehabilitation treatment. The role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic amines in the aetiology of bladder cancer should be illuminated by examining different occupational exposures. Methods and Results ...

DNA Repair Gene XRCC1 Polymorphisms, Smoking, and Bladder Cancer Risk Mariana C. Stern, David M. Umbach, Carla H. van Gils, Ruth M. Lunn, and Jack A. Taylor 1 Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis [M. C. S., C. H. v. G., J. A. T.], Epidemiology Branch [J. A. T.], Biostatistics Branch [D. M. U.], and Laboratory of Computational Biology and Risk Analysis [R. M. L.], National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709 Abstract Bladder cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the United States. The main identified risk factor is cigarette smoking, which is estimated to contribute to up to 50% of new cases in men and 20% in women. Besides containing other carcinogens, cigarette smoke is a rich source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can induce ...

Web Immagini Gruppi Directory News Novità! Ricerca avanzata Preferenze Cerca nel Web Cerca solo le pagine in Inglese Spiacenti, nessun contenuto associato a questo URL Web La ricerca di - cache:oGNYW4SR9vYJ:www.state.nj.us/health/cancer/rpt98/table9.pdf allintitle: bladder cancer filetype:pdf OR filetype:doc OR filetype:ppt OR filetype:xls OR filetype:rtf - non ha prodotto risultati in nessun documento. Suggerimenti: - Assicurarsi che tutte le parole siano state digitate correttamente. - Provare con parole chiave diverse. - Provare con parole chiave più generiche. - Provare con un numero minore di parole chiave. ...

Biochem. J. (1997) 321, 889–895 (Printed in Great Britain) 889 Biochemical analysis of a bladder - cancer -associated mucin : structural features and epitope characterization Alain BERGERON, He ! le'ne L A RUE and Yves FRADET* Laboratoire d’Uro-Oncologie Expe ! rimentale, Centre de recherche de l’Ho#tel-Dieu de Que!bec, 11 co#te du Palais, Que!bec, Canada G1R 2J6 Three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), M344, M300 and M75, were shown to define a unique tumour-associated antigen (TAA) of superficial bladder tumours. The antigenic determinants are expressed on a very-high-molecular-mass component and, in about 50 % of the positive samples, one determinant is also detected on a 62 kDa molecular species, observed only under reducing conditions. The objectives of the present study were to characterize further this TAA by analysing (1) the biochemical nature of the ...

4 C L E V E L A N D C L I N I C T A U S S I G C A N C E R C E N T E R 4 R ECENT ADVANCES by Cleveland Clinic investigators are bringing gene therapy for bladder cancer closer to human trials. William Larchian, M.D., of the Clinic’s Urological Institute, and colleagues are pioneers in the development of liposome- mediated immuno-gene therapy for bladder cancer in orthotopic mice. The limitations associated with con- ventional retroviral transfection led the Cleveland Clinic team to develop the novel method. “Conventional retroviral vector transfection is time-consuming, often results in a low expression of gene product and has certain safety concerns, all of which limit its potential as an agent for human gene therapy,” Dr. Larchian ...

Bladder Cancer Overview: About 55,000 individuals are diagnosed with bladder cancer in the United States each year and about 10,000 deaths are reported for the condition. Bladder cancer is most common among individuals over age 50; the condition is three times more common in men than in women. Smoking has been indicated as a major risk factor, as is exposure to chemicals in certain industrial applications. The disease is also common with frequent visitors to the tropics where the parasitic infec- tion with schistosomiasis is prevalent. The most common type of bladder cancer is transitional cell carcinoma, representing roughly 90% of all bladder cancers. These cancers arise from the epithelial cells that line the bladder . Other types of bladder cancer include papillary, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma, which have a poorer diagnosis and are rated higher. Bladder ...

426 Clinical Urology International Braz J Urol Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology Vol. 28 (5): 426-436, September - October, 2002 TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SUPERFICIAL BLADDER CANCER STRATIFIED BY RISK GROUPS TREATED WITH LYOPHILIZED MOREAU-RIO DE JANEIRO BCG STRAIN FRANCISCO P. FONSECA, WILSON BACHEGA JR, STÊNIO C. ZEQUI, ÁLVARO S. SARKIS, GUSTAVO GUIMARAES, ANTONIO V. M. PRIANTE, ADEMAR LOPES Section of Urology, Department of Pelvic Surgery, Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil ABSTRACT Introduction: The Moreau-Rio de Janeiro BCG strain is considered the most effective to stimulate immunologic activity in mice. The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate BCG results for patients with superficial bladder cancer stratified by risk groups. Material and Methods: From April 1988 to May 2000, 100 patients were treated by transure- ...