AllDocs -> cancers

Abstract. Chromosomal aneuploidy is associated with invasive bladder cancer and one of the genes implicated in these changes is Aurora-A/STK15/BTAK, that is localized on chromosome 20q13 and encodes a centrosome-associated serine/threonine kinase. To better understand the association between Aurora-A/STK15 expression, tumor aneuploidy and clinical prognosis, we sought to determine whether overexpression of Aurora-A/STK15 in cultured urothelial cells facilitated chromosomal instability. Using immuno- fluorescence staining, Northern and Western blot analyses, we verified that overexpression of Aurora-A/STK15 in bladder tumor cell lines enhanced chromosomal instability. Additionally, we observed that some bladder tumor cell lines expressed more Aurora-A/STK15 than cultured normal urothelial cells and that Aurora-A/STK15 expression was higher in an immortalized E7 urothelial cell line having 20q ...

375 Early detection of bladder cancer in hematuria patients: Vision becomes reality P. Oehr , University Bonn, Germany. Conclusions The superior sensitivity of NMP22-BladderChek® over cytology, at the specificity of 98%, and the negative predictive value of 98%, give reason to call it an easy to handle cancer screening assay. Combined use with cytology can result in a highly reliable screening: under the condition "both test are positive", no false positive results arose, making this assumption a 100% tumor inclusion criterion in 67% of the patients who had developed a yet undetected urinary bladder cancer . In addition, a negative predictive value of 98% for NMP22-BladderChek® is an excellent exclusion criterion. Independently, NMP22-BladderChek® can detect 82% to 86% urinary bladder cancer ...

381 Am J Epidemiol 2004;159:381–389 American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2004 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved Vol. 159, No. 4 Printed in U.S.A. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwh054 Case-Control Study of Bladder Cancer and Exposure to Arsenic in Argentina Michael N. Bates 1 , Omar A. Rey 2 , Mary L. Biggs 3 , Claudia Hopenhayn 4 , Lee E. Moore 5 , David Kalman 6 , Craig Steinmaus 1 , and Allan H. Smith 1 1 Arsenic Health Effects Research Group, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA. 2 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Catolica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. 3 Arsenic Health Effects Research Group, School of Public Health, ...

Abstract. After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the incidence of urinary bladder cancers in the Ukraine increased gradually from 26.2 to 43.3 per 100,000 people between 1986 and 2001. In the areas of low level but persistent cesium-137 ( 137 Cs) radio-contamination, a unique atypical radiation-related urinary bladder cystitis named ‘Chernobyl cystitis’, a possible pre- neoplastic condition in humans, has been detected. We have previously documented high incidences of bladder lesions, including severe dysplasias and/or carcinoma in situ , in association with this cystitis and correlating with oxidative DNA damage. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying bladder carcinogenesis with this specific etiology, mutation analysis of p53 gene (exon 5-8) was performed for 11 and 18 paraffin-embedded bladder cancers in Ukrainians, respectively collected before and after ...

Enquiries Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies for High School Students Vol. 1, No. 1. pp. 6 - 9, 2003 Salivary Cortisol Levels and Aging by Christa Preuss Research Mentors: Dr. Kathleen Hegadoren, Saskia de Jager Burford (University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta) The purpose of this study was to determine if saliva samples collected from Alzheimer’s patients offered a feasible method for testing cortisol levels. Five patients, with a mean age of 88 years old, and a male-female ratio of 1:4, had their saliva samples taken four times throughout the day, 0800h, 1200h, 1600h and 2000h. Salivary ELISA kits and a spectrophotometer were used to detect the cortisol levels in the samples. This data was compared to daytime cortisol levels of a healthy 17-year old female, in follicular phase, in order to differentiate age-related differences. The general trend of the cortisol patterns seemed ...

Arsenic-Related Chromosomal Alterations in Bladder Cancer Lee E. Moore, Allan H. Smith, Clarence Eng, David Kalman, Sandy DeVries, Vivek Bhargava, Karen Chew, Dan Moore II, Catterina Ferreccio, Omar A. Rey, Frederic M. Waldman Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that inges- tion of arsenic in drinking water is a strong risk factor for several forms of cancer , including bladder cancer . It is not known whether arsenic-related cancers are genetically simi- lar to cancers in unexposed individuals or what mechanisms of carcinogenesis may underlie their formation. This study was designed to compare chromosomal alterations in blad- der cancers of arsenic-exposed individuals to provide insight into the mechanism of how arsenic may induce or promote cancer . Methods: A case–case study was conducted in Ar- gentina and Chile examining chromosomal ...

M. D. ANDERSON CANCER CENTER BLADDER CANCER TISSUE BANK Specimen Request Form (Page 1 of 5) Date of request: Date needed: Investigator: Email: Department: Phone: Beeper: Fax: Collaborators Department Contact Person Phone: Beeper: Location: Title of Project: Objectives of Project: The tissue requested will be used for (please provide brief description to aid in the selection of samples) : Source of Funding NIH ACS DOD None Other: (specify): Non-NIH peer reviewed Non-peer reviewed The results obtained from the study of the requested tissue samples will: a) Only be correlated with the grade and stage: Yes No Other b) Will require patients’ identity: Yes No Other Do you have institutional approval for this project: ...

BLADDER CANCER ICD-O-C67 TNM CLASSIFICATION T Primary tumour TX Primary tumour has not been assessed T0 No primary tumour seen Tis Non-papillary, non-invasive Ta Non-invasive papillary carcinoma T1 Tumour invades subepithelial connective tissue T2 Tumour invades superficial muscle (inner half) T3 Tumour invades deep muscle or perivesical fat T3a Tumour invades deep muscle (outer half) T3b Tumour invades perivesical fat T4 Tumour invades any of the following: prostate, uterus, vagina, pelvic wall abdominal wall N Regional lymph nodes NX Regional lymph nodes have not been assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastases N1 Regional metastatic lymph nodes, diameter < 2 cm N2 Regional lymph node metastases, 2 - 5 cm in diameter, or multiple nodes with diameter < 5 cm N3 Regional metastatic nodes > 5cm in diameter M Distant metastases ...

1193 Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:1193–1201 American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2003 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved Vol. 158, No. 12 Printed in U.S.A. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwg281 Case-Control Study of Bladder Cancer and Drinking Water Arsenic in the Western United States Craig Steinmaus 1 , Yan Yuan 2 , Michael N. Bates 2 , and Allan H. Smith 2 1 Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA. 2 School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA. Received for publication November 13, 2002; accepted for publication June 23, 2003. Numerous epidemiologic investigations have identified links between high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water and cancer , although the ...

Dr Willem Oosterlinck is currently Chairman of the Superficial Bladder Cancer Committee of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and heads the Department of Urology at the University Hospital Ghent in Belgium. Formerly President of the Belgian Society of Urology (BVU) and the Belgian Congress of Urology, he is currently a member of the Accreditation Commission for Urology of the Ministry of Health, the European Urological Association (EAU), The Société Internationale d’Urologie (SIU) and BVU. Dr Oosterlinck was also Chairman of the committee responsible for development of guidelines on superficial bladder tumours in the EAU. He began his career at the University Hospital Ghent as a Senior Assistant in Urology and advanced to Adjunct Director of the Department of Urology, prior to earning his current position. Dr ...

Enquiries Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies for High School Students Vol. 1, No. 1. pp. 1 - 5, 2003 Telomere Length Analysis as a Novel Diagnostic Test for Bladder Cancer by Sabira Suleman Research Mentors: Erik Johnson, Dr. Johnathan Lakey. Shaheed Merani, Dr. Ronald Moore, and Annie Young (University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta) Superficial bladder cancer , diagnosed in 5000 new cases in Canada yearly, is both common and has a high recurrence rate, which creates the necessity for an efficient and rapid method of tumor surveillance. Although telomere length in cancer cells is relatively shorter than normal somatic cells due to unlimited proliferation, cancer cells remain mitotic due to telomerase activation. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase enzyme (hTERT) that is present in many different malignancies. Maintaining telomeric stability via telomerase expression is the ...

Leaflet No 8601500 04/03/98 BCa 1 Reviewed 2/03 Information for patients with bladder cancer Urology Department Information prepared by Mrs Sue Cumisky Nurse Practitioner Urology East Somerset NHS Trust (01935) 384394 Further information for people with cancer is available on request or may be obtained by contacting: Macmillan cancer relief 0845 6016161 or CancerBACUP 0800 18 11 99 Page 2 Bladder cancer treatment Information gained from looking at the tumour under the microscope suggests that further treatment is needed. In some cases the cancer has developed deeper roots invading the bladder wall making more radical treatment with surgery or radiotherapy necessary. The treatments are generally equally effective, the aim being to eradicate the ...

Leaflet No 8601601 04/03/98 NBCA 1 Reviewed 2/03 Information for patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer Urology Department Information prepared by Mrs Sue Cumisky Nurse Practitioner Urology East Somerset NHS Trust (01935) 384394 Further information for people with cancer is available on request or may be obtained by contacting: Macmillan cancer relief 0845 6016161 or CancerBACUP 0800 18 11 99 Page 2 At your cystoscopy today, a growth has been found which is likely to be malignant ( cancer ). Bladder cancers grow like warts on the lining of the bladder . As they develop, they can put down deeper roots which may affect the muscular wall of the bladder . In the early stages, the cancer is easy to treat and the condition can be monitored by regular examinations ...

Abstract. In this study we have evaluated the use of hypericin ex vivo urine fluorescence cytology as a non-invasive method for detecting early bladder cancers. To date this is the first study reported using this technique with hypericin. Urine samples from patients with early bladder cancers were processed for fluorescence cytology by incubation with hypericin, a novel photosensitizer. Normal urine samples incubated with hypericin served as normal controls. Laser confocal microscopy and spectroscopy was used to detect the fluorescence in the exfoliated low-grade urothelial tumor cells. Fluorescence cytology was considered positive if hypericin fluorescence of the low-grade urothelial tumor cells was detected to be stronger (>8.5 times) compared to the baseline fluorescence established for normal urine samples. Automated analysis for an objective reproducible outcome appears possible. The ...

Bladder Cancer survival, incidence and mortality in NSW 1994–2000 50 The Cancer Council NSW Bladder cancer • The five-year relative survival from bladder cancer in NSW between 1994 and 2000 was 62.0% • No Area Health Service was different from the State average in the adjusted relative risk of excess death after shrinking • An additional 52 patients would be expected to survive to five years after diagnosis in NSW if the State average risk was shifted to the 20 th centile of the distribution • There were 3,784 new cases of bladder cancer in NSW in 1994 to 1998 (2,769 males and 1,015 females) and 1,353 deaths (965 males and 388 females) • There were 29 more new cases of bladder cancer in males than expected in Central Coast and 33 fewer than expected in Northern Sydney • There were no Area Health Services in which the number of new cases of bladder ...

Abstract. The early detection of carcinoma is very essential for the diagnosis and prognosis of a bladder cancer patient. In this study we have investigated the use of hypericin as a fluorescent tumour marker and laser confocal microscopy as a diagnostic tool to aid the diagnosis of such cancers. Both cellular and clinical studies have been conducted. In the cellular studies, we have compared two bladder cell lines for the uptake and sub-cellular localization of hypericin. It was found that there was a rapid uptake and clearance of hypericin and significant localization in mitochondria and lysosomes. The study also revealed that there was a time- dependent increase in fluorescence intensity in bladder cells. The optimum localization was found to be 2-4 h post drug incubation. In the clinical study, consisting of 30 patients, both white light and fluorescence cystoscopy were performed after ...

March 2000, Vol. 29 No. 2 153 Fluorescence Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer after 5-ALA—W Lau et al Cystoscopic Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer by Intravesical Instillation of 5- Aminolevulinic Acid Induced Porphyrin Fluorescence—The Singapore Experience C W S Cheng,* FAMS, MBBS, FRCS (Edin & Glas) , W K O Lau,** MBBS, M Med, FRCS , P H Tan,*** FAMS, MBBS, FRCPA , M Olivo,**** PhD, BSc, BEd Abstract Objectives: 1) To determine whether fluorescence cystoscopy after intravesical administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is more sensitive in detection of dysplasia and bladder cancer when compared with conventional cystoscopy. 2) To determine the safety of using 5- ALA. Materials and Methods: A 3% 5-ALA solution was instilled intravesically before cystoscopy in 41 patients. The 5-ALA-induced porphyrin fluorescence ...

464 Annals Academy of Medicine NAT2 Phenotype in Painters—K Golka et al N-acetyltransferase 2 Phenotype in Painters with Bladder Cancer and Controls K Golka,* MD , W Weistenhöfer,** MD , P Jedrusik,** MD , F Geller,*** MSc , M Blaszkewicz, + PhD , H M Bolt, ++ MD, PhD Abstract Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2, substrate: aromatic amines) in painters with bladder cancer and controls. Background: Until the beginning of the 1960s, painters in Germany have used, among others, azo dyes based on carcinogenic aromatic amines. Materials and Methods: Sixteen painters with bladder cancer and 26 healthy painters (controls) who were from the same areas in Germany and in the same age group (± 5 years) were recruited into ...

CEP ® 3 SpectrumRed ™ , CEP 7 SpectrumGreen ™ , CEP 17 SpectrumAqua ™ and LSI ® p16 (9p21) SpectrumGold ™ Bladder Cancer Recurrence Kit for Aneuploidy Detection of Chromosomes 3, 7 and 17 and Deletion of p16 (9p21). Figure 1: A diagram of the 9p21 region and sequence tagged sites (STS) known to be contained within this region. The yellow bar represents the approximately 220 kb region covered by the LSI p16 (9p21) probe. Map not to scale. Figure 2: Normal result observed in an interphase cell obtained from a sample after the Vysis ® UroVysion probe hybridization. Each probe signal; CEP 3 (red), CEP 7 (green), CEP 17 (aqua) and LSI p16 (gold) is present in two copies. Figure 3: Aneusomic interphase cell obtained from a sample showing two copies of chromosome 3 ...

Journal of the Egyptian Nat. Cancer Inst., Vol. 16, No. 3, September: 137-144, 2004 Predictors of Outcome after Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer in Saudi Patients; Single Institution Experience ALAA A. MOKHTAR, M.D.*; MEDHAT M. EL-SEBAIE, M.D.** and NASER ELKUM, Ph.D.*** The Departments of Urology*, Oncology** and Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Scientific Computing***, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, KSA. ABSTRACT Aim of the Study: To evaluate different prognostic factors that may affect disease-specific survival in patients with bladder cancer following radical cystectomy. Methods: Between July 1975 and December 2000, 229 patients underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion for bladder cancer in King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH & RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 175 patients had available ...

Center for Environmental Health Studies (617) 482-9485 44 Farnsworth Street, Boston, MA 02210 http://www.jsi.com * Findings were statistically significant (strong evidence) + Evidence of a dose-response relationship (strongest evidence) Page 13 Bladder Cancer and Exposure to Ionizing Radiation Summary: There is strong evidence that bladder cancer may be associated with exposure to ionizing radiation. This evidence includes studies of nuclear workers. This is consistent with the National Research Council’s finding that the bladder is sensitive to ionizing radiation. Bladder cancer is designated as a “specified” cancer under the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act. Historically, incidence of bladder cancer has been high in both Los Alamos County and Rio Arriba County. Mortality has been very ...

A study comparing various noninvasive methods of detecting bladder cancer in urine. Saad, A.; Hanbury, D. C.; McNicholas, T. A.; Boustead, G. B.; Morgan, S.; Woodman, A. C. JOURNAL NAME: BJU International : Volume 89, Issue 4, March 2002, PP. 369-73 CORPORATE AUTHOR- Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, and Cranfield BioMedical Centre, Institute of BioScience and Technology, Cranfield University at Silsoe, UK. Objectives To compare the nuclear matrix protein (NMP)-22 assay, bladder tumour specific antigen (BTAstat) test, telomerase activity (using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay, TRAP) and a haemoglobin dipstick test for their ability to replace voided urine cytology (VUC) for detecting bladder cancer . Patients and methods The study included 120 urological patients prospectively recruited and assessed before surgery. A single freshly voided urine sample ...

Breakthrough bladder cancer test: Physician, patient access stymied by Medicare This year about 60,000 people will be diagnosed with bladder cancer and about 12,400 people will die of this disease, the American Cancer Society estimates. Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer among men and the eighth most common among women. Most people found to have bladder cancer are in their late 60s, according to the ACS, meaning they are covered under Medicare. A breakthrough diagnostic lab test, which was named the most innovative product of 1999 by Medical Device and Diagnostic Industry magazine, allows physicians to conveniently perform bladder cancer testing directly in their offices to monitor progression of the disease and quickly detect recurrence. Doctors also can prescribe the test for use at home by the patient. However, long Medicare delays in establishing proper coding and reimbursement ...

Abstract. Adjuvant chemotherapies have been used to prevent recurrence of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), but their efficacies are variable due to the side effects of anti- cancer agents and the drug resistant property of the target cells. To provide experimental evidence for improving clinical management of TCCs, two human TCC cell lines, EJ and BIU, were treated for 1 or 2 h by 50, 100, 150 and 200 µ g/ml, respectively and their growth and death patterns were elucidated in 12-h intervals. The status of Fas, FasL and caspase-3 in the two cell lines were analyzed with immuno- cytochemical staining and Western blot hybridization, and their potential link to MMC-induced cell death was investigated by treating the cells with anti-Fas antibody (150 ng/ml) and by incubating the cells with an inhibitor of caspase-3 related proteases Ac-DEVO-CHO (250 µ M) 1 h before 100 µ g/ml MMC treatment. ...

Abstract. 5-Aminolevulinic acid mediated changes in tissue specific fluorescence were studied in bladder cancer . Bladders of normal patients and also patients diagnosed with cancer were instilled with 5-aminolevulinic acid and the resultant protoporphyrin IX mediated fluorescence intensity was imaged and quantified with confocal laser microscopy and fluorescence image analysis. Urothelial tumour cells were observed to fluoresce more intensely than normal urothelial cells. Submucosa and muscle tissues exhibited minimal fluorescence compared to urothelial cells of malignant origin and also normal urothelial cells. Degree of fluorescence intensity was in the order of malignant urothelium > normal urothelium > normal submucosa > normal muscles. Fluore- scence intensity was also found to increase with duration of ALA instillation. Grade 3 malignant cells produced more fluorescence compared ...

Entering the unresolved debate between alcohol consumption and bladder cancer , epidemiologists analysed data from an Italian case-control study and concluded that even in populations that drink a lot (in this case, wine) there is no significant associ- ation between the two. It’s possible that con- founding factors such as smoking, coffee drinking, and occupation (allowed for in this analysis) may have given rise to earlier inconsistent results ( Journal of Clinical Epi- demiology 2002;55:637-41). Summer sunburn seems to be the norm among American teenagers despite high sunscreen use. With 72% of teenagers ex- periencing at least one sunburn during the summer, public health campaigns should probably be paying more attention to getting the message across about hat wearing, protective clothing, and avoiding peak exposure times in the war against skin cancer ( Pediatrics ...

STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL AND MEDICAL CENTER URINARY BLADDER CANCER STAGE FORM Type of specimen __ Histopathologic Type __ Tumor Size _ SIDE 1 OF 2 TU2C012 (9/02) Patient Name _ Date of Birth __ MR# __ Enc# __ Sex Race __ Pt Type: § In § Out § E.D Clin Path [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Clin Path [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] DEFINITIONS ...