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THE CALIFORNIA BREAST CANCER RESEARCH PROGRAM PUSHING BREAST CANCER RESEARCH IN PROMISING NEW DIRECTIONS DID YOU KNOW? YOUNGER WOMEN HAVE A LOWER BREAST CANCER SURVIVAL RATE THAN OLDER WOMEN. DID YOU KNOW? OUR GRANTS FUND NEW APPROACHES TO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH, SO WE CAN PREVENT AND CURE THE DISEASE. The California Breast Cancer Research Program is the largest state-funded breast cancer research program in the nation and is administered by the University of California, Office of the President. The mission of the CBCRP is to eliminate breast cancer by leading innovation in research, communication, and collaboration in the California scientific and lay communities. California Breast Cancer Research Program University of California, Office of the President 300 Lakeside Drive, 6th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 Phone: 510.987.9884 ...

January/February 2003, Vol.10, No.1 42 Cancer Control High-Dose Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer : The French PEGASE Experience Henri Roché, MD, PhD, Patrice Viens, MD, Pierre Biron, MD, Jean-Pierre Lotz, MD, and Bernard Asselain, MD, PhD, for the PEGASE Group Background: Early studies of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) for breast cancer were limited by small numbers and the lack of adequate control groups. The French PEGASE Group was founded to perform larger and properly randomized comparative studies of this approach. Methods : The program was created to determine the effects of intensive chemotherapy for breast cancer . The seven PEGASE protocols addressed HDC as adjuvant therapy (01 and 06) and as treatment for inflammatory nonmetastatic disease (02, 05, and 07) and metastatic disease (03 and 04). Two of these protocols are ongoing. Results: The PEGASE 01 adjuvant therapy ...

Recently two Golden Retrievers with Breast Cancer came into our program. Both are about 9 years of age; both were unspayed when they came in. This led us to learn about this cancer and to want to share some of what we learned with our readers. 1) Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females, and 97% of all breast cancer occurs in females. Onset is usually at 5 years or older. 2) Purebred dogs are twice as likely to develop breast cancer as are mixed breeds of the same age. 3) Prevention is easy: spay your females early. Spaying before the first heat reduces the risk by 99.5%. Spaying between 1 st and 2 nd heat reduces the risk by 92%. Spaying after the 2 nd heat reduces the risk by 74%. But females spayed after 2 ½ years of age have NO decreased risk of breast cancer compared to unspayed females. 4) Some studies have found an association between ...

The University of Arizona College of Agriculture and Life Sciences 6 The Role of Carcinogens in Breast Cancer Biochemical studies show lifestyle and environmental links By Susan McGinley Photograph at left shows micro- scopic view of mammary gland tissue reconstructed in the labo- ratory.The diagram below is a cross-section of the spheres shown in the photograph.These spheres are the milk-producing structures of the mammary gland.The development of this structure in human breasts may protect against onset of breast cancer . (Reproduced with per- mission from Environmental Health Perspectives,Volume 102, Number 10, October 1994, p. 847.) B reast cancer ranks second among cancer deaths in women, with more than 40,000 deaths occurring out of an estimated 182,800 cases in the United States in 2000. Of those, ...

Trastuzumab Use in Breast Cancer : Clinical Issues John Horton, MB, ChB Background: Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor 2 HER2 in breast cancer tissue is associated with shorter survival. Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against HER2, can induce tumor responses when given alone and enhances the effectiveness of several chemotherapeutic agents. Methods: The recent clinical data on outcomes regarding testing for HER2 overexpression and the tolerance, toxicity, and antitumor effects of trastuzumab are reviewed. Results: Trastuzumab use is indicated either alone or with chemotherapy only in patients with IHC 3+ or FISH+ test results and survival is prolonged in patients with metastatic disease. Cardiac toxicity differs from anthracycline cardiac toxicity and is often reversible. Conclusions: The safety and efficacy profile of trastuzumab in patients with metastatic disease ...

November/December 2002,Vol. 9, No. 6 490 Cancer Control Aromatase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer : An Update Diana E.Lake, MD, and Clifford Hudis, MD Background: Tamoxifen has been the endocrine treatment of choice for patients with breast cancer . The development of selective aromatase inhibitors has offered an alternative management approach for patients in whom a hormonal approach is indicated. Methods: The authors reviewed reports in which aromatase inhibitors were compared with tamoxifen for the treatment of metastatic disease, as well as information pertinent to their use as adjuvant therapy. Results: Both nonsteroidal (anastrozole and letrozole) and steroidal (exemestane) aromatase inhibitors for metastatic disease appear to provide superior efficacy and a better toxicity profile in first- and second-line treatment of metastatic disease than tamoxifen. Early results ...

Ductal Lavage for Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Lisa A.Newman, MD, MPH, FACS, and Cassann Blake, MD Background: Effective chemoprevention is available for breast cancer , but it is associated with the potential for life-threatening adverse events. Accurate identification of women facing increased risk of breast cancer is therefore essential. Atypical hyperplasia is a histopathologic pattern that has been consistently associated with an elevated future risk of breast cancer . Methods: The literature was reviewed to assess the strength of the association between atypical hyperplasia and breast cancer . The rationale for developing a nonsurgical modality to document the presence of atypia is discussed. Results: Ductal lavage identifies atypical hyperplasia by retrieving epithelial cells shed into the ductal system with a specially designed catheter. Women with clinical evidence ...

Editorial C a n c e r C o n t r o l November/December 2002, Vol.9, No. 6 Cancer Control 455 What an exciting era for breast cancer ! Over the past two decades, data from studies involv- ing widely disparate areas or research — ranging from the recog- nition of genetic patterns to target- ed therapies — have been intro- duced into the management of breast cancer . This issue of Cancer Control reviews in detail a limited selection of these advances. The opening paper by Dr. Rob- son discusses the clinical considera- tions pertinent to the management of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer . The review provides insight into the probability of an individual carrying a genetic mutation and describes the lifetime cancer risks associated with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. ...

National Synchrotron Light Source • Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 • http://nslsweb.nsls.bnl.gov/infrared/everyday/index.html • 10/01 Introduction The American Cancer Society estimates that in the United States in 2001, over 233,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer and approximately 40,000 will die from this disease. In the United States, breast cancer accounts for 29% of all cancers in women. One woman out of eight will develop breast cancer sometime during her life. Al- though earlier detection results in higher cure rates, breast can- cer remains the leading cause of cancer death of adult women under 54 years of age and the second most common cause af- ter age 54. How is breast cancer diag- nosed? The key to cure is early detec- tion and prompt treatment. Physical examination, mammog- raphy, and ...

838 CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE VOLUME 69 • NUMBER 11 NOVEMBER 2002 HAT DO YOU TELL a woman who asks if hormone replacement therapy (HRT) will give her breast cancer ? Until recently, no randomized controlled trials had addressed this question. Thus, women often found themselves overwhelmed with conflicting information. Now, the Women’s Health Initiative 1 has found an estrogen-progestin regimen to be associated with an increased risk of breast can- cer (and heart disease and thromboembolism), leading many clinicians to discourage patients from taking HRT, and causing widespread dis- tress among patients. Actually, we should be telling patients that, for an individual patient taking HRT, the risk of breast cancer remains low, and we need to relay the true magnitude of the risks and the benefits of HRT in simple language. ...

Your Health from the inside out! “So our research is focusing not only on finding other such genes, but also looking for susceptibility genes – those that, based on your own unique genetic makeup, make you more or less susceptible to getting breast cancer , responding to treatment and surviving the disease,” explains Dr. Hayes.“This is the wave of the future for all of medicine.” “In the meantime, unfortunately there is nothing we can identify that will easily reduce an average woman’s risk of getting breast cancer . You can’t change your family, you can’t change being a woman and you can’t change getting old,” says Dr. Hayes. “The key to surviving breast cancer is early diagnosis through screening and appropriate treatment.” A very important tool in breast cancer screening is mammography,a very low-dose X-ray used to examine the breast . Mammography can find tumors in ...

Guidance on Cancer Services Improving Outcomes in Breast Cancer Manual Update Page 2 Breast cancer service guidance Cancer service guidance supports the implementation of The NHS Cancer Plan for England, 1 and the NHS Plan for Wales Improving Health in Wales. 2 The service guidance programme was initiated in 1995 to follow on from the Calman and Hine Report, A Policy Framework for Commissioning Cancer Services. 3 The focus of the cancer service guidance is to guide the commissioning of services and is therefore different from clinical practice guidelines. Health services in England and Wales have organisational arrangements in place for securing improvements in cancer services and those responsible for their operation should take this guidance into account when planning, commissioning and organising ...

Research article Breast cancer incidence and mortality trends in an affluent population: Marin County, California, USA, 1990–1999 Christina A Clarke 1 , Sally L Glaser 1 , Dee W West 1 , Rochelle R Ereman 2 , Christine A Erdmann 3 , Janice M Barlow 4 and Margaret R Wrensch 5 1 Northern California Cancer Center, Union City, California, USA 2 Marin County Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Health, San Rafael, California, USA 3 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA 4 Marin Breast Cancer Watch, San Rafael, California, USA 5 Department of Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA Correspondence: Christina A Clarke, PhD, Northern California Cancer Center, ...

] 164 Tel. 972 8 934 Fax. 972 8 934 E-mail: state and during changing conditions. It has the capability to provide image contrast based on several independent nuclear magnetic properties as well as on metabolic and physiologic characteristics. It can also image molecules tagged with magnetically sensitive probes and thereby enhance molecular targeted imaging. The imaging technology developed in our laboratory in recent years reached the state of clinical testing. New parametric MRI methods, including the 3TP (Three Time Point) method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and of breast cancer are being evaluated in Israel (Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center) and USA (University of Wisconsin, Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Hospital of Boca Raton). An example of parametric MRI of the prostate is shown in Fig. 1. Our current research activities include ...

E d i t o r i a l Singapore Med J 2002 Vol 43(5) : 221 Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre Singapore 228510 S B Wee, MBBS, FAMS, MMed (Surg), FRCS (Edin) Consultant Surgeon Correspondence to: Dr Wee Siew Bock Tel: (65) 6732 7755 Fax: (65) 6732 0829 Email: weesbock@ singnet.com.sg Permit No MITA (P) 073/09/2001 ISSN 0037 - 5675 JOURNAL OF THE SINGAPORE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Editor A/Prof C Rajasoorya Deputy Editor Prof Wilfred C G Peh A/Prof Sonny Wang Yee Tang Corresponding Editors Prof Azrul Azwar (Indonesia) Prof Myo Myint (Myanmar) Prof Neil Pride (UK) Prof Tan Chong Tin (Malaysia) Prof Teh Bin Tean (USA) Prof Victor Yu (Australia) Editorial Board Dr Chin Jing Jih Dr Chow Wan Cheng A/Prof Ho Nai Kiong Prof Kua Ee Heok Dr Kenneth Lyen Dr Denis Nyam A/Prof Paul Ananth Tambyah ...

Southeast Asian Women and Breast Cancer Facts about breast cancer for Southeast Asian women ages 50 and older Common Beliefs About Breast Cancer : • " You can catch breast cancer from another person." • "Most women will die if they have breast cancer ." • "If I don't feel sick why should I get screened?" • "Many women have a fear of disfiguring surgery." • "There is nothing you can do to prevent breast cancer it will happen anyway." Truths About Breast Cancer • Breast cancer cannot be caught by another person. It is not your fault if you get cancer . • If breast cancer is found early most women will not die from the disease. • There are tests that can find cancer very early before you feel sick (screening ...

Part I. Breast Cancer in Kentucky Introduction This report summarizes recommendations of the Kentucky Breast Cancer Task Force on key actions that should be taken to reduce breast cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality and to increase breast cancer survival rates in the Commonwealth. The Task Force’s recommendations are based on three premises: ? Kentucky women with, and at high risk for, breast cancer should have access to a continuum of prevention and care services, including genetic counseling and testing, early detection, staging evaluation, initial and subsequent treatment, palliative care, supportive therapies, long-term follow-up, rehabilitation, psychosocial services, and hospice care. ? All treatments and services provided to women with breast cancer should meet professionally-accepted standards of care. ? Changes in the organization ...

BREAST CANCER PROFILE FOR KENTUCKY Page 2 Introduction This profile of information currently available about breast cancer in Kentucky is presented in sections focusing on prevention, early detection, treatment, and quality of life. These are the major interventions which are currently employed to reduce the incidence, morbidity and mortality of breast cancer . The relationship of these interventions to the course of the disease is illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 1. Overview of Interventions for Breast Cancer Course of Disease Source: Friedell, GH, Linville, LH, Rubio, A, Wagner, WD, Tucker, TC. What providers should know about community cancer control. Cancer Practice; 1997:5(6):367-374. These sections also contain a discussion of the data which the Task Force was not able to obtain. In some instances the data items have not been collected ...

Report to Governor Paul E. Patton by the Kentucky Breast Cancer Task Force June 30, 2000 BREAST CANCER ACTION PLAN FOR KENTUCKY - PHASE II Page 2 Page 3 Message from the First Lady The Kentucky Breast Cancer Task Force, established by Governor Paul E. Patton in July, 1998, has just completed its second and final year. The Phase I Action Plan, issued in July, 1999, asked, what needs to be done to decrease the burden of breast cancer borne by Kentucky women? This report, the second by the Task Force, answers the follow-up question of how do we do it? Taken together, the two reports represent the Kentucky Breast Cancer Action Plan. The Task Force of 60 members effectively represented the concerns of individual women and of organizations about this disease, as well as their collective experience and knowledge. ...

BREAST CANCER ACTION PLAN FOR KENTUCKY Report to Governor Paul E. Patton by the Kentucky Breast Cancer Task Force June 30, 1999 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page 2 Breast Cancer Action Plan For Kentucky 2 Executive Summary Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer -related death among Kentucky women. Risk for breast cancer increases with age. Each year, three-quarters of the new breast cancer cases diagnosed in Kentucky occur among women over age 50, and half of all new cases occur in women over age 65. To reduce breast cancer mortality rates among women of all ages, screening mammography services must be readily available and accessible, women diagnosed with breast cancer must receive optimal treatment, and provisions must be made for continuity of ...

Asian American Network for Cancer Awareness, Research and Training Breast Cancer Information Sheet What is Breast Cancer ? Breast cancer begins in the tissue of the breast . It is the overgrowth of abnormal cells in the breast (also known as a malignant tumor of the breast ). Inside the breasts are glands (lobes) that produce and release milk after a woman has a baby. The tubes that connect the lobes to the nipple, where milk is released, are called ducts. The breast itself is made up of lobes, ducts, and fatty, connective and lymphatic tissue. Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast region. Facts: • Breast cancer rates increase with successive generations of Asians living in the U.S. ? • Women of Asian/Pacific Islander ancestry have experienced a 15% increase in incidence of invasive breast cancer between 1988 and 1997 ...

A fact sheet from the Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry Breast Cancer in the Santa Clara Region 1988-1999 March 2002 Breast cancer was the most common cancer in the Santa Clara Region, comprising about a third of all invasive cancers diagnosed in females. For invasive breast cancer cases, age-adjusted incidence rates averaged 135 cases per 100,000 females during the period 1995-1999; for in situ cases, 28 per 100,000. Figure 1. Age-adjusted incidence rates of invasive and in situ breast cancer , by year of diagnosis, 1988-1999. From 1988 to 1999, rates of invasive breast cancer remained stable, but rates increased slightly for in situ cases, which may partly reflect increased use of early detection methods, such as mammography (Figure 1, above). Figure 2. Average annual age-specific incidence rates of invasive and in situ breast cancer ...

A fact sheet from the Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry Breast Cancer in the San Francisco Bay Area 1988-1999 March 2002 Breast cancer was the most common cancer in the San Francisco Bay Area with nearly 15,000 invasive and 3,000 in situ cases diagnosed among women between 1995 and 1999. During this period, age-adjusted incidence rates of invasive and in situ breast cancer were 137 and 29 cases per 100,000 females, respec- tively, similar to rates in the neighboring Santa Clara Region. Figure 1. Age-adjusted incidence rates of invasive and in situ breast cancer , by year of diagnosis, 1988-1999. Since 1988, rates of invasive breast cancer remained stable, but rates increased slightly for in situ cases, which may partly reflect increased use of early detection methods, such as mammography (Figure 1, above). Figure 2. Average annual age-specific ...

III-1 Section III. B REAST C ANCER R ESEARCH P ROGRAM CONTENTS The Disease History of the BCRP Program Background Congressional Appropriation and Funding History FY00 Program FY01 Program Scientific Achievements Summary FY01 Integration Panel Members Page 2 III-2 The Disease In 2001, breast cancer will account for one-third of all new cancer cases in women in the United States. Approximately 192,200 women in the United States will receive a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer and 46,400 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in situ. Almost 25% of the women receiving a diagnosis of breast cancer will be under the age of 50. Additionally, about ...

III-1 Section III. B REAST C ANCER R ESEARCH P ROGRAM CONTENTS The Disease History of the BCRP Program Background Congressional Appropriation and Funding History FY99 Program FY00 Program Scientific Achievements The Food We Eat Viruses in the Fight against Cancer Computers Aid Radiologists Minimally Invasive Approaches Characterize Innovative Techniques for Early Detection and Treatment in Breast Cancer Development of Synthetic Drugs for Treatment of Breast Cancer Summary FY00 Integration Panel Members Page 2 III-2 The Disease In the year 2000, an estimated 182,800 new cases of breast ...

Introduction Much of the early enthusiasm about the health benefits of soy had to do with its potential role in reducing breast cancer risk. This area of research continues to be actively investigated and often provides potentially exciting results. Ironically, however, there is also concern that soy consumption could be detrimental to women with estrogen-sensitive breast cancer , or to women at high risk of developing breast cancer . 1 The relationship between soy intake and breast cancer risk is undoubtedly one of the most confusing areas of soy research today. Background The low breast cancer mortality rates among soyfood-consuming populations (five to sevenfold less than in the U.S.) such as the Japanese, in combination with data showing that weak estrogens can function as antiestrogens, prompted initial speculation that soy might reduce breast cancer risk. Greater lifelong ...

Genetics in Primary Care: A Faculty Development Initiative Syllabus Material Breast and Ovarian Cancer Module: Page 1 Breast and Ovarian Cancer A resident asks. Why should a primary care doctor know about breast or ovarian cancer genetics? Key Points : Family history is an important tool in the assessment of breast and ovarian cancer risk Women are concerned about breast cancer and often over-estimate their risk. They may view themselves as candidates for genetic testing when their likelihood of a positive test is minimal. BRCA1/2 mutations are rare and there are few data to assess the outcome benefits of interventions to reduce risk Testing for BRCA1/2 is mentioned frequently in the medical and lay press. Your patient may ask you about the availability of gene testing for breast cancer Learning Objectives for the Breast Cancer Module: Participants ...

Breast Cancer : A Research Guide Mid-Manhattan Library Health Information Center 455 Fifth Avenue (40 th Street) New York, New York 10016 The Health Information Center has many sources on the topic of breast cancer . Information may be found in books, journals, videos, databases and websites. Most books and videos may be found in the 616.9944 call number area. To locate (or reserve) materials about this subject, use the Leo Catalog, which may be found at ht tp://leopac.nypl.org . Highlight Subject Alphabetical in the index to search the menu. Suggested search terms include: breast cancer breast cancer videorecordings breast cancer alternative treatment breast cancer case studies breast cancer chemotherapy breast cancer diagnosis breast cancer diagnosis videorecordings breast cancer ...

1 File 96 BREAST CANCER MALPRACTICE CLAIMS by PAUL J. CONNORS, M.D., J.D., CAPT, MC, USNR Breast cancer , a disease now estimated to afflict 12 percent of women in this country, is a major public health issue for the United States. 1 Approximately 200,000 cases of breast cancer are newly diagnosed every year, and the disease annually causes the deaths of nearly 50,000 patients. 2 Beyond the stark reality of epidemiologic data , this illness exacts a significant emotional toll. The threat of its potential appearance, the burden of its presence when diagnosed, and the consequences of its treatment pose a special if not unique invasion of bodily integrity and self-image for those afflicted. Standard medical practice in the evaluation and treatment of breast cancer patients encompasses a broad and challenging level of professional skill, knowledge, care, and ...

Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2001-2002 Page 2 Table of Contents What is breast cancer ? 1 Who gets breast cancer ? 1 How has the occurrence of breast cancer changed over time? 3 What factors influence breast cancer survival? 5 What are the known risk factors for breast cancer ? 7 Can breast cancer be prevented? 9 How can breast cancer be detected early? 10 How is breast cancer treated? 11 What research is currently being done on breast cancer ? 14 What resources are available in your community? 15 What is the American Cancer Society doing about breast cancer ? 16 Sources of Statistics 17 References 18 Acknowledgments The production of this report would not have been possible without the efforts of: Cheryll Cardinez, MSPH, ...