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U R O L O G I C A L C A N C E R S Prostate Cancer information for patients Page 2 What is prostate cancer ? Prostate cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the prostate gland, which is located at the base of the penis, just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Like other cancers, it may invade or destroy near- by tissues or organs and may spread to other parts of the body. Prostate cancer is the most-common male-oriented cancer in the United States; approximately 180,000 cases are diagnosed each year. Its cause is unknown. The prostate gland produces the fluid that transports semen during ejaculation. Its size and shape varies in adult men. Typically, the prostate gland is about two to three inches in diameter or about the size of a walnut. Although some individuals with prostate cancer ...

Radioactive Seed Implants for Prostate Cancer U R O L O G I C A L C A N C E R information for patients and their families The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8100 St. Louis, MO 63110-1093 Phone: 314.747.7222 Toll Free: 800.600.3606 Fax: 314.454.5300 E-mail: info@ccadmin.wustl.edu www.siteman.wustl.edu The prostate brachytherapy program was developed with financial assistance from the Barnes-Jewish Hospital Auxiliary – Parkview Chapter. Page 2 This booklet provides information on radioactive seed implants, an option that can be offered to many men with early stage prostate cancer . It describes the nature of the procedure, how to prepare for it and other information to help in understanding the treatment process. The booklet supplements a general guide on treatments for prostate ...

July 24, 2001 For Further Information Contact: Corporate Communications PHONE: 607-547-3914 FAX: 607-547-6994 Leslie Raabe PHONE: 607-547-3037 EMAIL: leslie.raabe@bassett.org Dee Carter PHONE: 607-547-6354 EMAIL: public.relations@bassett.org LARGEST-EVER PROSTATE CANCER PREVENTION STUDY LAUNCHED TODAY Bassett Healthcare currently enrolling men, researchers say COOPERSTOWN, NY - The largest-ever prostate cancer prevention study is being launched today by Bassett Healthcare along with leading healthcare institutions throughout the United States, in cooperation with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG). This is one of the first trials ever to address male cancer prevention, and will specifically seek to learn whether selenium and vitamin E, two dietary supplements, can protect against prostate cancer , the most ...

Accession information: Vol. 5; 15 April 2003 ©2003 Cambridge University Press http://www.expertreviews.org/ Hypothetical model for prostate cancer development 1 expert reviews in molecular medicine Figure 1. Hypothetical model for prostate cancer development. Prostate cancer development follows a multistage process, as demonstrated by the identification of precursors of prostatic adenocarcinoma such as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH). Most prostate cancer develops from a background of proliferative but seemingly benign epithelium. Few studies have been carried out on the proliferative stage, but some epigenetic and genome abnormalities have been found. More abnormalities have been found at the cancer precursor stage but there is still a lack of association of this stage of tumourigenesis with specific ...

PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATIONP ATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT INFORMATIONP ATIENT INFORMATION PATIENT PATIENT INFORMATION Prostate cancer A collectable guide for you to use with your patients What is prostate cancer ? The prostate is a gland about the size of a chestnut. It lies at the base of the bladder, wrapped around the urethra – the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body (see above). The healthy prostate produces ...

European Association of Urology GUIDELINES ON PROSTATE CANCER G. Aus, C.C. Abbou, A. Heidenreich, H-P. Schmid, H. van Poppel, J.M. Wolff, F. Zattoni UPDATE FEBRUARY 2003 Page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. BACKGROUND 5 2. CLASSIFICATION 5 2.1 Gleason score 5 3. RISK FACTORS 6 4. DIAGNOSIS 6 4.1 Digital rectal examination (DRE) 6 4.2 Prostate -specific antigen (PSA) 6 4.3 Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) 7 4.4 Relationship between DRE, PSA, TRUS and CaP 7 4.5 Prostate biopsies 7 5. STAGING 8 5.1 T-staging 8 5.2 N-staging 9 5.3 M-staging 9 5.4 Guidelines on diagnosis and staging 10 5.5 References 10 6. TREATMENT: ...

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT: YOUR DIAGNOSIS SURGERY AND RADIATION HORMONAL THERAPY DIET AND SUPPLEMENTS PLUS: LINKS TO INFORMATION AND SUPPORT Prostate cancer treatment update SPECIAL ISSUE OUR VOICE LIVING WITH PROSTATE CANCER IN CANADA Canadian Publications Mail Sales Product Agreement No. 40063504 Page 2 2 OUR VOICE Focus on living A reasonably positive approach to life in the war zone When I first started to work with people who had cancer , I came across the following description: “The experience of a person who gets a cancer diagnosis is similar to that of a soldier who is given orders to parachute into a jungle war zone without a map, a compass, or training of any kind.” It rang true to me then — it still ...

Incidence and Mortality Rate Trends Prostate cancer is the most common cancer , excluding skin cancer , and the second leading cause of cancer -related death in men in the United States. Over time, African American men have had higher incidence and at least double the mortality rates compared to men of other racial and ethnic groups. Prostate cancer incidence rates rose dramatically in the late 1980s. This increase reflects improvements in detection and diagnosis through widespread use of prostate -specific antigen (PSA) testing, which received initial Food and Drug Administration approval in 1986. In the early 1990s, prostate cancer incidence began declining and has leveled off in recent years. Mortality rates for prostate cancer have declined since the early 1990s. It is estimated that approximately $8 billion* is spent on prostate ...

Follow-up Care After Prostate Cancer Treatment London Regional Cancer Centre 790 Commissioners Road East London, Ontario N6A 4L6 Page 2 Now that you have finished treatment for prostate cancer , you likely have questions about what happens next. This pamphlet was designed to answer the questions people often ask. How often should I be seen after treatment? You should see a physician (oncologist, urologist or family doctor) every six months for the first three years and then once a year to detect any return (recurrence) of cancer and manage treatment side effects. Follow-up visits should include a PSA ( Prostate Specific Antigen) blood test and a physical examination of the prostate . How long do I need to stay on hormone therapy? If you are receiving hormone therapy after radiation, you may need to stay on hormone ...

INCREASED PROSTATE CANCER IN ILLINOIS: A SCREENING EFFECT OR IMPROVED CASEFINDING ? Authors Holly L. Howe, Ph.D. Celan J. Alo, M.D. Raquel Y. Qualls, M.S. John R. Lumpkin, MD A publication of the Illinois Department of Public Health Division of Epidemiologic Studies Springfield, Illinois 62761 May 1996 Page 2 Suggested Citation: Howe HL, Alo CJ, Qualls RY, Lumpkin JR. Increased prostate cancer in Illinois: a screening effect or improved casefinding? Epidemiologic Report Series 96:4. Springfield, IL: Illinois Department of Public Health, May 1996. Copyright information: All material in this report is in the public domain and may be repoduced or copied without permission; citation is to source, however, is appreciated. Page 3 3 INCREASED PROSTATE ...

SOUTHWEST ONCOLOGY GROUP STATISTICAL CENTER 40 JULY 2002 Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) Overview The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) is a Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of finasteride for the prevention of carcinoma of the prostate . A total of 18,882 essentially healthy men, aged 55 and older, have been randomized to receive finasteride (5 mg daily) or placebo for seven years. Active participants are monitored quarterly for side effects and adherence to treatment schedule. All participants receive annual follow-up for signs or symptoms of prostate cancer ; an elevated PSA value and/or an abnormal DRE at this time prompts a recommendation for a prostate biopsy. At the end of seven years of follow-up, all participants will have a prostate biopsy. The PCPT is an intergroup study with participation from 213 study sites in the ...

Counselling men about prostate cancer risk and the PSA test This summary was written in 2002 by Dr Eila Watson, Dr Lucy Jenkins, Colleen Bukach and Dr Joan Austoker, Cancer Research UK Primary Care Education Research Group. The summary is based on the information and references provided in the booklet,The PSA test and prostate cancer : information for primary care (1). Further information is also available at: http://www.nelc.org.uk (1) Prostate Cancer Risk Management Programme: an information pack for primary care. NHS Cancer Screening Programmes; Sheffield: 2002. The outcome of PSA testing in 1000 men The figure below is a simplified representation of what would happen to 1000 men who had a PSA test. The numbers are approximate and would be influenced by age and many other factors. The figure needs to be considered within the context of the information provided earlier on the key issues surrounding ...

1 U C S F ’s re s e a rch into prostate cancer detection, treatment and pre v e n t i o n has received a welcome infusion of support with a highly coveted, five- y e a r, $11.9 million grant award fro m the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The Specialized Program of Researc h Excellence (SPORE) grant is unusual because it includes funding for basic science and clinical re s e a rc h . The SPORE grant was awarded to UCSF in recognition of the bre a d t h and depth of the UCSF Compre h e n- sive Cancer Center’s basic science and clinical re s e a rch programs and its ability to integrate these pro- grams for clinical advances. The NCI has awarded only 27 SPORE grants, 6 of them in prostate cancer , since the funding program was estab- lished in 1992. The NCI grant has been augmented by an additional $12 million in matching funds raised by the UCSF ...

Prostate cancer has attracted much attention during the past decade. This is largely due to a greater public awareness of the disease and improved screening efforts using PSA testing. Treatment options for prostate cancer depend on the assessment of the stage of the disease, the differentiation (grade) of the cancer cells, the pretreatment PSA level, and the overall health of the patient. The diagnosis of prostate cancer ultimately relies on the pathological assessment of biopsy specimens provided by the pathologist. The Gleason system (developed by Donald F. Gleason, MD) is the most widely accepted method of grading prostate carcinoma. However, the Gleason score is high- ly subjective, and can differ among pathologists. It is essential to have a pathologist who is well versed in prostate -genitourinary pathology and is familiar with the rapidly evolving literature. Only pathologists proficient ...

Controversies Surrounding Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer Stephen G.Patterson, MD, Lodovico Balducci, MD, and Julio M.Pow-Sang, MD Background: Management of metastatic prostate cancer continues to evolve. The widespread use of the prostate -specific antigen (PSA) assay has led to earlier diagnosis and earlier detection of recurrent disease. Debates continue regarding the proper use and timing of endocrine therapy with orchiectomy, estrogen agonists, luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs, LHRH antagonists, and androgen antagonists. Methods: The authors reviewed the significant published materials of the last 20 years that have shaped hormonal management of metastatic and progressive prostate cancer . Major areas of controversy were also identified. Results: The present approach to hormonal management is summarized. Five potential pathways to the development ...

50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 INCIDENCE: Age-Adjusted Incidence Rates, Invasive Prostate Cancer Pennsylvania Residents, 1989-1999 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 MORTALITY: Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates, Prostate Cancer Pennsylvania Residents, 1990-2000 Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed among males in Pennsylvania. The age-adjusted incidence rate for invasive prostate cancer increased dramatically between 1989 (109.9) and 1992 (191.1), probably due to more wide-spread use of a screening procedure (PSA blood test). In 1992, there were 11,078 ...

] 164 Tel. 972 8 934 Fax. 972 8 934 E-mail: state and during changing conditions. It has the capability to provide image contrast based on several independent nuclear magnetic properties as well as on metabolic and physiologic characteristics. It can also image molecules tagged with magnetically sensitive probes and thereby enhance molecular targeted imaging. The imaging technology developed in our laboratory in recent years reached the state of clinical testing. New parametric MRI methods, including the 3TP (Three Time Point) method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and of breast cancer are being evaluated in Israel (Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center) and USA (University of Wisconsin, Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Hospital of Boca Raton). An example of parametric MRI of the prostate is shown in Fig. 1. Our current research activities include ...

IV-1 Section IV. P ROSTATE C ANCER R ESEARCH P ROGRAM CONTENTS The Disease History of the PCRP Program Background Congressional Appropriation and Funding History FY00 Program FY01 Program Scientific Achievements Summary FY01 Integration Panel Members Page 2 IV-2 The Disease Current estimates are that one in every six American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in his lifetime. Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in men in the United States and approximately 31,500 will die from this disease in 2001. An estimated 198,100 men in the United States will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2001. African Americans have the ...

IV-1 Section IV. P ROSTATE C ANCER R ESEARCH P ROGRAM CONTENTS The Disease History of the PCRP Program Background Congressional Appropriation and Funding History FY99 Program FY00 Program Scientific Achievements Summary FY00 Integration Panel Members Page 2 IV-2 The Disease Prostate cancer is the most common male malignancy, aside from skin cancer , and the second most common cause of cancer death in men in the United States. In2000, an estimated 180,400 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer , and approximately 31,900 will die from the disease. 1 The impact is even higher among African American men, who have the greatest incidence rates ...

Department of Defense Prostate Cancer Research Program 2000 Awards Book September 2001 Headquarters, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command MCMR-PLF, 1077 Patchel Street Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5024 Page 2 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ..1 FY00 Prostate Cancer Research Program Funded Awards Research Awards New Investigator Awards ..3 Idea Development Awards 7 Phase II New Investigator Awards .11 Phase II Idea Development Awards ..12 Training/Recruitment Awards Postdoctoral Traineeship Awards 16 Minority Population Focused Collaborative Training Award ..18 FY00 Prostate Cancer Research Program Participants Peer Reviewers 20 Integration Panel Members ..32 Ad Hoc Programmatic Reviewers .33 Glossary of Terms ...

C a n c e r C o n t r o l Editorial November/December 2001, Vol.8, No.6 480 Cancer Control The dawn of the 21st century witnessed momentous advances in our understanding of prostate can- cer: refinements in molecular and cell biology technology, better diagnostic and staging methods, improvements in local treatments, and the discovery of more effec- tive chemotherapies, just to men- tion a few. Still, there is much to learn about this common disease. We lack knowledge of the funda- mental mechanisms leading to the initiation, promotion, and progres- sion of this cancer . We have multi- ple choices, but we still do not know what is the best treatment for localized disease, and a signifi- cant percentage of patients who undergo treatment for early dis- ease progress to advanced cancer ...

The Treatment Challenge of Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer Julie A.Kish, MD, Raviender Bukkapatnam, MD, and Felipe Palazzo, MD Background: Both the demographics and treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) are changing. Patients are younger and healthier, with fewer comorbidities. The “no treatment until symptoms” approach is disappearing. Chemotherapy is increasingly being utilized. Methods: The authors review the steps involved in hormone management before chemotherapy is considered. The roles for chemotherapy in current clinical trials are examined. Results: Effective hormonal management of the prostate cancer patient incorporates an understanding of the stages of hormone sensitivity and prescribing additional interventions beyond simple castration. Once hormone refractoriness is established, the combination of mitoxantrone and prednisone has become a standard ...

November/December 2001, Vol.8, No.6 532 Cancer Control Urinary Incontinence Following Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer Philippe Grise, MD, and Scott Thurman, MD Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) following treatment for localized prostate cancer is a significant adverse consequence most commonly seen after radical prostatectomy. UI can significantly impair the quality of life of patients who can otherwise expect a long survival. Methods: The authors review past and present literature on UI following treatment for localized prostate cancer . Special focus is placed on the rate of UI following different modes of therapy, the effect of posttreatment UI on patients’ quality of life, and the success of different methods used to treat the incontinence. Results: Postprostatectomy UI has been reported in 25%-70% of cases, but few patients report being significantly ...

November/December 2001, Vol.8, No.6 496 Cancer Control Radical Prostatectomy in the Management of Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Raviender Bukkapatnam, MD, and Julio M.Pow-Sang, MD Background: Several management options are available when prostate cancer is diagnosed at an early stage. However, the optimal treatment for localized prostate cancer is unknown, and reports in the literature are controversial regarding the best treatment modality for this early presentation. Methods: The authors review improvements in surgical technique that have decreased complications, and they address long-term outcomes of surgery related to cancer control. Results: Improvements in surgical techniques allow for decreased intraoperative complications. The incidence of long-term complications such as incontinence and impotency is also reduced. The 5- and 10-year progres- sion-free ...

November/December 2001, Vol.8, No.6 540 Cancer Control Management of Erectile Dysfunction Secondary to Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer Cláudio Telöken, MD, PhD Background: Management options for localized prostate cancer include radical prostatectomy, external radiation therapy, brachytherapy, and watchful waiting. Improvements in treatment techniques have resulted in fewer side effects. Nevertheless, long-term complications such as erectile dysfunction (ED) continue to affect a significant percentage of men treated for prostate cancer and can have a distressing and debilitating effect on the patient’s quality of life. Methods: The author reviews both the prevalence and the current options for the management of ED secondary to treatment for clinically localized prostate cancer . Results: The ability to preserve potency after prostate cancer treatment ...

1 LEGAL MEDICINE OPEN FILE 97 PROSTATE CANCER SCREENING: AVOIDING LIABILITY by DAVID G. McLEOD, M.D., J.D., COL, MC, USA* and MARY JO WILEY, R.N., J.D. Carcinoma of the prostate (CaP) is the most common solid malignancy in men. It is estimated that in 1996, there will be 317,000 new cases diagnosed, a thirty percent increase from the cases discovered in 1995. In addition, there will be an estimated 41,400 deaths from the disease in the United States. 1 The increase in newly diagnosed CaP is secondary to the relatively new diagnostic modalities of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and the use of the prostate specific antigen (PSA). With the ability to diagnose CaP enhanced by these two diagnostic modalities, especially PSA, the issue of appropriate screening is raised. The American Cancer Society and the American Urological Association have recommended ...

JAMA Article Says New Blood Test Enhances Accuracy of Prostate Cancer Screening CHICAGO – A new blood test eliminates many unnecessary biopsies for prostate cancer , according to an article in the May 20 1998 issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association. Above: Chart Depiction of Prostate Cancer Probability based on PSA and free PSA test results The new test for "free" prostate -specific antigen (PSA) will reduce health care costs and eliminate many of the false alarms that have characterized previous PSA testing, said William J. Catalona, M.D., lead author and head of the Division of Urologic Surgery at Washington University School of Medicine, in St. Louis. Use of the new assay is expected to resolve a lingering controversy over PSA testing. Higher PSA can indicate cancer , but may also be due to benign conditions. The JAMA article concluded that when PSA levels are ...

Free PSA Test Can Help in Deciding Prostate Cancer Treatment, Study Says OCTOBER 1999 – A percent-free PSA (fPSA) blood test can help prostate cancer patients and their physicians make better decisions about how to best treat the patient's cancer , according to a study published in the October issue of The Journal of Urology. "When used with other patient information, free PSA results can assist the physician and patient in making more informed treatment decisions," said William J. Catalona, M.D., a lead author from the Division of Urologic Surgery at Washington University School of Medicine, in St. Louis. The fPSA test can help determine which patients would benefit from surgery, and which patients would be better candidates for other therapies, Catalona said. "Free-PSA blood tests can help doctors distinguish between tumors that are more likely to be aggressive – and therefore probably more ...

1 HOW TO USE THE INTERNET TO FIND THE PROSTATE CANCER INFORMATION YOU WANT (TIPS FOR EVERYONE – EVEN IF YOU DON’T OWN A COMPUTER ) by Robert Young Many feel they are unable to access prostate cancer information on the Internet because they do not own a computer or think it is too difficult. The purpose of this introduction is to show how to: 1 Access the Internet with or without your own computer; and 2 Show how simple it is to find prostate cancer information. This primer is best used while doing the actual actions or after being shown how it is done. Graphics are in black and white for the purpose of reproduction. CONTENTS: Page 2 – What is the Internet? Page 6 – How to narrow a search What is the World Wide Web? How hard is it to access the Web? Page 7 – How to narrow again Page 3 – What do I have to learn? Page 8 - Sample of page ...

Department of Defense Prostate Cancer Research Program 1999 Awards Book September 2000 Headquarters, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command MCMR-PLF, 1077 Patchel Street Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5024 Page 2 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction..1 FY99 Prostate Cancer Research Program Funded Awards Training/Recruitment Awards Postdoctoral Traineeship Awards..5 Minority Population Focused Collaborative Training Awards..7 Research Awards New Investigator Awards 11 Idea Development Awards.15 Prostate Cancer Center Initiation Awards.21 Tri-Service Project Award25 FY99 Prostate Cancer Research Program Participants Peer Reviewers29 Integration Panel Members..39 Ad Hoc Programmatic Reviewers.41 Glossary of Terms..45 ...