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ORIGINAL PAPER U.-S. Albert Æ K.-D. Schulz the Members of the Guideline Steering Committee and the Chair Persons of the Task Force Groups Short Version of the Guideline: Early Detection of Breast Cancer in Germany An evidence-, consensus-, and outcome-based guideline according to the German Association of the Scientific Medical Societies (AWMF) and the German Agency for Quality in Medicine (AeZQ) Received: 4 December 2003 / Accepted: 26 January 2004 / Published online: 18 June 2004 Ó Springer-Verlag 2004 Abstract The goal of the Guideline ‘‘Early Detection of Breast Cancer in Germany’’ is to assist physicians, healthy women, and patients in the decision-making process in favour of appropriate health care regarding early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer . The principle of early detection of breast cancer embraces the detection of non-invasive ...

Ph. Renard et al. (eds), geoENV V - Geostatistics for Environmental Applications, in press. Detection of Spatial Clusters and Outliers in Cancer Rates using Geostatistical Filters and Spatial Neutral Models Pierre Goovaerts BioMedware, Inc. 516 North State Street, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. 1 Introduction Cancer mortality maps are important tools in health research, allowing the identi- fication of spatial patterns, clusters and disease ‘hot spots’ that often stimulate re- search to elucidate causative relationships. Their analysis is typically performed using a statistical pattern recognition approach whereby a statistic ( e.g. spatial cluster or autocorrelation statistic) quantifying a relevant aspect of spatial pattern is first calculated. The value of this statistic is then compared to the distribution of that statistic’s value under a null spatial model. This provides a probabilistic ...

vol. 3, no. 1 UVic knowl EDGE Research and discovery at the University of Victoria www.uvic.ca facts from the EDGE • Dr. Elise Fear completed both her MSc and PhD in electrical engineering at UVic. While here, she was the student representative for the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and an organizer of the UVic Women in Science and Engineering group. She now holds a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council-supported post-doctoral position at the University of Calgary, and will be taking up a faculty position there next year. • Dr. Maria Stuchly is a professor in the electrical and computer engineering department. She holds the NSERC/BC Hydro/TransAlta Utilities/ Bell Mobility Industrial Research Chair in Elec- tromagnetic Fields and ...

39 The Permanente Journal / Summer 2000 / Volume 4 No. 3 clinical contributions From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Permanente Hospitals, Oakland and Richmond, California. Reprinted from the Permanente Foundation Medical Bulletin. 1944 Oct;2(4):165-74. The greatest problem with which we are confronted in the practice of gynecology is startlingly evident from the fact that “among white women cancer is the lead- ing cause of death by a considerable margin for the 20-year period from 35-54 years of age. A study of the current statistics indicates that, if present conditions of mortality remain unchanged, cancer will take as its toll by death 14 out of every 100 women.” 1 If we had no means of attacking this scourge, it would be discourag- ing enough to know as a certainty that 14 percent, or one in every seven, of the women in the prime of life ...

66 The Permanente Journal /Spring 2000 / Volume 4 No. 2 clinical contributions The Breast Health and Cancer Detection Program Introduction The Kaiser Permanente (KP) Georgia Region, which includes The Southeast Permanente Medical Group (TSPMG) and Kaiser Foundation Health Plan (KFHP) of Georgia implemented its Breast Health and Cancer Detection Program in November of 1994, when the organization’s Interdisciplinary Prevention Committee (IPC) prevention priority was set as breast cancer screening. Background The IPC was initiated as a part of the Quality Fo- rum (the KP Georgia Region Quality Improvement Committee) in late 1994. A charge of IPC was to iden- tify priorities for quality improvement in preventive health services. The IPC conducted a review of sci- entific literature and considered both national and state health initiatives ...

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health • National Cancer Institute NIH Publication No. XX-XXXX Month 2003 Ovarian Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Study Clinical Genetics Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics By how much can surgery or screening reduce your risk? In cooperation with Gynecologic Oncology Group Cancer Genetics Network W ILL M Y P RIVACY B E P ROTECTED ? Yes. All personal information obtained for the study will be kept private, and every effort will be made to protect your confidentiality. NCI is required by Federal law not to reveal any information that is collected from study participants to anyone other than persons directly ...

ORAL CANCER BACKGROUND PAPERS Chapter V: Early Detection , Diagnosis and Staging Working Draft Page 2 Chapter V: Early Detection , Diagnosis and Staging V-1 A. State of the Science Screening and Early Detection Screening for oral cancer should include a thorough history and physical examination. The clinician 1,2 should visually inspect and palpate the head, neck, oral, and pharyngeal regions. This procedure involves digital palpation of neck node regions, bimanual palpation of the floor of mouth and tongue, and inspection with palpation and observation of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa with an adequate light source; mouth mirrors are essential to the examination. Forceful protraction of the tongue with gauze is necessary to visualize fully the posterior lateral tongue and tongue base. The clinician should review the social, ...

How does your dog smell? Olfactory detection of human bladder cancer Leanne Tite takes you through a proof of principle study about whether dogs can detect bladder cancer through the smell of human urine This month’s paper is Willis CM, Church SM, Guest CM, Cook WA, McCarthy, N, Bransbury AJ, et al. Olfactory detection of human bladder cancer by dogs: proof of prin- ciple study. BMJ 2004;329:712. You can read it by visiting studentbmj.com and clicking on the link. Why do the study? Anecdotal evidence has shown that dogs, with their acute sense of smell, might be able to detect cancers in humans by picking up the odour given off by the cancer cells. In the past 15 years, two letters have been published in the Lancet , seemingly describing dogs’ ability to predict the presence of cancer later diagnosed by a doctor. Alongside the anecdotes, good theoretical evidence ...

1 Working Principle of an EM Cancer Detector August Meessen Institut de Physique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium Abstract. C. Vedruccio invented an electronic system for non-invasive EM cancer detection , requiring only that a handy probe be moved a few centimetres over the surface of the body, close to the organ that should be tested. The probe contains a non-linear oscillator, emitting a very weak EM wave, with several frequency components (at 450, 900 and 1350 MHz, for instance). They are displayed on the screen of a spectrum analyser, which is fed by a small antenna that is situated about 2 meters away from the probe. The relative intensities of these spectral lines are predetermined, but when the probe is brought close to biological tissue, the height of one or several lines can be strongly reduced, according to the pathological state of ...

Nippon Flour Mills develops a simple cancer detection system and starts sales of a lab kit Tokyo, March 11, 2003 — Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd. (NFM) today announced that Nippn TechnoCluster, Inc., a subsidiary, will start manufacturing and sales of a cancer -specific simple diagnostic kit in April 2003. NFM has been doing R&D on a cancer -specific simple diagnostic system in collaboration with the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) since fiscal 2001. In the R&D of this simple diagnostic system, the researchers utilized the characteristics of Bradeion, a gene specifically expressed in colorectal cancer and prostate cancer . Bradeion was discovered by Manami Tanaka of AIST and her patent on the gene was registered in 2000. The R&D had two aspects: (1) Diagnostic system for the primary test using a test strip for immunochromatography. (2) Gene diagnosis ...

U PM3, A NEW MOLECULAR URINE TEST FOR THE DETECTION OF PROSTATE CANCER YVES FRADET, FRED SAAD, ARMEN APRIKIAN, JEAN DESSUREAULT, MOSTAFA ELHILALI, CLAUDE TRUDEL, BENOIT MASSE, LYSON PICHE, AND CAMILLE CHYPRE ABSTRACT Objectives. To evaluate, in a multicenter study, the diagnostic performance of a new molecular test uPM3 for detecting prostate cancer cells in urine because of the need for better methods to identify patients at risk of prostate cancer . Methods. The uPM3 test is a nucleic acid amplification assay detecting simultaneously in the urine the relative expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mRNA as a marker of prostate cells and PCA3RNA, which is selectively expressed in most types of prostate cancer . The test is performed using the isothermic nucleic acid-based amplification method, and the two targets are simultaneously detected in real-time fluorescence ...

NATIONAL BREAST CANCER CENTRE August 2004 1 POSITION STATEMENT August 2004 EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER This position statement applies to screening methods for the early detection of breast cancer in asymptomatic women (women without breast changes). The statement does not apply to diagnostic tests used to assess individual women presenting with breast changes. Detection of breast cancer while it is still small and confined to the breast provides the best chance of effective treatment for women with the disease. 1,2 Benefits of early detection include increased survival, increased treatment options and improved quality of life. For women, age remains the biggest risk factor in the development of breast cancer with over 70% of cases found in women aged 50 years and older. 3 However, in younger women, tumours ...

BREAST CANCER DETECTION BASED ON AND PATIENT AGE INFORMATION ULTRASOUND B-SCAN TEXTURE ANALYSIS - Bur& Alacam, Birsen Yazici, and Nihat Bilgutay Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104 Abslracl-In this paper we apply the Fractional Differencing Autoregressive Moving Average (FARMA) model for ultrasonic breast tissue characterization using RF echo signals. We present estimation techniques to extract the model parameters, namely features, for classification purposes and tissue characterization. Along with the model parameters, we use patient age information as an additional feature to improve ROC results. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method using in vivo ultrasound breast images with benign ...

PO Box 2345, Beijing 100023, China World J Gastroenterol 2004;10(21):3127-3131 Fax: +86-10-85381893 World Journal of Gastroenterology E-mail: wjg@wjgnet.com www.wjgnet.com Copyright © 2004 by The WJG Press ISSN 1007-9327 • COLORECTAL CANCER • An integrated approach to the detection of colorectal cancer utilizing proteomics and bioinformatics Jie-Kai Yu, Yi-Ding Chen, Shu Zheng Jie-Kai Yu, Cancer Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China Jie-Kai Yu, College of Life Science of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang Province, China Jie-Kai Yu, Hangzhou Genomics Institute, Hangzhou 310008, Zhejiang Province, China Yi-Ding Chen, Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang ...

A new parameter enhancing breast cancer detection in computer aided diagnosis of X-ray mammograms Kenya Murase a , Nobuyoshi Tanki a , Masahiro Iinuma a , Hideaki Kubota a , Michinobu Nagao b a Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan b Department of Radiology, Matsuyama Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, Ehime, Japan Abstract The purpose of this study was to introduce a new parameter which enhances breast cancer detection on X-ray mammo- grams. The new parameter (3D-FD) was obtained from the slope of the graph with the logarithm of the cutoff level on the horizontal axis and that of the number of pixels with a gray level above the cutoff level on the vertical axis. We ...

10 EPICENTRE FORUM 1-800-284-8474 www.epicentre.com ARTICLE Vol. 7 No. 1 Introduction Inheritance of defective DNA mismatch repair genes is associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Defects in hMLH1 and hMSH2 account for approximately 98% of mutations found in HNPCC families. 1 Genetic diagnosis of at risk individuals within these families is critical for effective surveillance. Characterization of mutations by direct sequencing is time-consuming and not feasible in a large scale clinical setting. Molecular screening strategies, including single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, 2 denaturing gradient-gel electrophoresis (DGGE), 3 constant denaturant gel electrophoresis (CDGE), 4 or in vitro transcription/translation (IVTT) assay, 5 have ...

RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 87, NO. 5, 10 SEPTEMBER 2004 645 their use for the synthesis of metallic and organic nanostructures. Nucl . Instrum . Methods B , 2002, 196 , 81. 6. Molares, M. E. T., Hohberger, E. M., Schaeflein, C., Blick, R. H., Neumann, R. and Trautmann, C., Electrical characterization of electro- chemically grown single copper nanowires. Appl . Phys . Lett ., 2003, 82 , 2139. 7. Schuchert, I. U., Molares, M. E. T., Dobrev, D., Vetter, J., Neu- mann, R. and Martin, M., Electrochemical copper deposition in etched ion track membranes – Experimental results and a qualita- tive kinetic-model. J . Electrochem . Soc ., 2003, 150 , C189. 8. Tian, M. L., Wang, J. U., Kurtz, J., Mallouk, T. E. and Chan, M. H. W., Electrochemical growth of single-crystal metal nanowires via a 2- dimensional nucleation and growth-mechanism. NanoLetters , 2003, 3 , 919. ...

74 75 SCRIPTA MEDICA (BRNO) – 77 (2): 75–84, April 2004 OUR EXPERIENCE WITH SENTINEL LYMPH NODE DETECTION AND BIOPSY IN BREAST CANCER AND MALIGNANT MELANOMA KRAFT O. 1 , ŠAFARCÍK K. 1 , STEPIEN A. 2 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ostrava–Poruba, Czech Republic 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, 5th Clinical Military Hospital, Cracow, Poland Received after revision April 2004 A b s t r a c t The aim of this study was to establish whether it is necessary to employ three methods or whether it is sufficient to use one or two methods for sentinel lymph node detection in breast cancer and malignant melanoma patients. There are described methods of scintigraphic detection , utilisation of surgical gamma probe and isosulfan blue dye in patients with these malignant tumours. Sentinel ...

Master Thesis 20p Analysis of Proteomic Patterns for Detection of Prostate Cancer author: Anders Lindegren 28th June 2004 Abstract The SELDI process is a relatively new medical technique that mea- sures the content of di erent proteins in blood samples from patients. Re- cently, many research teams have shown that there is a relation between the concentrations of speci c proteins and cancer disease. This report has focused on the area of prostate cancer . The output from the SELDI system is created through mass-spectrometry and is a spectrum contain- ing the concentrations of thousands of separate proteins for each sample. The aim of this work has been to use pattern recognition algorithms such as Bayesian Discriminant functions, Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD) and KNN to separate samples into three classes: healthy patients, can- cer patients and patients with benign prostate condition. ...

Skin cancer detection & diagnosis Early detection of skin cancer is the key to saving lives and reducing the impact of scars from surgery. The Cancer Society advises people to be aware of changes in their skin and watch for new or changing freckles or moles. Consult a doctor immediately if a freckle or mole is growing larger or changing in shape or colour. Who does skin checks? General Practioners (GPs) General Practitioners (GPs), though not specialists in skin cancer , are appropriately trained and qualified to check skin lesions, and are able to recommend the best approach for managing any suspicious skin lesion. A Cancer Society study 1 concluded that there was a high level of expertise in diagnosis of skin lesions and of the need to biopsy suspicious legions. GPs had somewhat less diagnostic skill than dermatologists, particularly ...

Cervical Cancer Detection Using SVM Based Feature Screening Jiayong Zhang and Yanxi Liu The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University { zhangjy,yanxi } @cs.cmu.edu Abstract. We present a novel feature screening algorithm by deriving relevance measures from the decision boundary of Support Vector Ma- chines. It alleviates the “independence” assumption of traditional screen- ing methods, e.g. those based on Information Gain and Augmented Vari- ance Ratio, without sacrificing computational efficiency. We applied the proposed method to a bottom-up approach for automatic cervical cancer detection in multispectral microscopic thin PAP smear images. An initial set of around 4,000 multispectral texture features is effectively reduced to a computationally manageable size. The experimental results show significant improvements in pixel-level classification accuracy compared to traditional ...

Fox Chase Cancer Center 2003 Scientific Report 1 Molecular Detection of Prostate, Renal and Bladder Cancer in Urine. Dulaimi, Ibanez, Cairns, in collaboration with T. Al-Saleem, § Uzzo, § Greenberg § Alterations in DNA methylation, an epigenetic process present in mammalian cells, are a hall- mark of human cancer . The promoter region of many genes, particularly “housekeeping” genes are not suppressed in the presence of the CpG dinucleotide, which is suppressed in the remainder of the genome. These regions are termed “CpG islands” and with the exception of genes on the inactive X chromosome in females and imprinted genes, CpG islands are protected from methylation in normal cells. This protection is critical since methylation of CpG islands is associated with loss of expres- sion of the particular gene. In addition to loss ...

Clear Clear - - PEM: A dedicated PET PEM: A dedicated PET camera for improved breast camera for improved breast cancer detection cancer detection M.C. Abreu 1 , P. Almeida 2 , F. Balau 1 , N. C. Ferreira 3 , S. Fetal 1 , F. Fraga 1 , M. Martins 2 , N. Matela 2 , R. Moura 1 , C. Ortigão, L. Peralta 1 , P. Rato 1 , R. Ribeiro 4 , P. Rodrigues 1 , A.I. Santos 5 , A. Trindade 1 , J. Varela 1 1 LIP, FCUL, FCTUC, IST, UALG, 2 IBEB, 3 IBILI, 4 FEUP, 5 HGO Page ...

Produced by The Florida Research Consortium and The Tampa Bay Technology Forum Page 1 of 4 OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY SYSTEM USING SHORT PULSE LASER FOR EARLY LUNG CANCER DETECTION Kunal Mitra, Ph.D. Associate Professor Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dept. Director- Laser, Optics, and Instrumentation Laboratory Florida Institute of Technology 150 W. University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901 Phone: (321) 674 7131 Fax: (321) 674 8813 email: kmitra@fit.edu Research/Technology Overview: Overview: Lung cancer , which accounts for 25% of all cancer deaths, is currently the most common cause of cancer death among men and women in the United States. It is projected that in 4 years, there will be twice as many women who will die of lung cancer as breast cancer . Currently lung cancerous tumors are usually located by using conventional x-rays, bronchoscopy, ...

Produced by The Florida Research Consortium and The Tampa Bay Technology Forum Page 1 of 2 Multi-Frequency Microwave-Induced Thermoacoustic Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection Jian Li Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering P.O. Box 116130 University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611 Phone: 352-392-2642 Fax: 352-392-0044 Email: li@dsp.ufl.edu Research/Technology Overview: Overview: Recent studies have shown that imaging the human breast for cancer detection with microwave-induced thermoacoustic waves is a viable technology. This new technology has many desirable properties of an ideal early breast cancer screener including being noninvasive, safe, comfortable, inexpensive, sensitive (to tumors), and specific (to cancers). Indeed, microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging (TAI) combines the merits of both microwave stimulation, which ...

Abstract. Detection of micrometastasis to the bone marrow can predict widespread disease and a poor prognosis of cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of detecting micrometastasis in the bone marrow of esophageal cancer patients. Bone marrow and peripheral blood samples were obtained from 52 squamous esophageal cancer patients at the time of surgery. These samples were enriched by immunomagnetic separation and immunostained with an anti-cytokeratin antibody. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclin D1 was examined in the primary tumors. Cytokeratin-positive cancer cells were observed in the bone marrow of 13 (25%) out of 52 patients. Among them, three patients also had cancer cells in the peripheral blood. The presence of bone marrow micrometastasis was correlated with lymph node metastasis (pN) but not associated ...

Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Information in Waterloo Region Developed by the Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Network of Waterloo Region (519) 883-2008 August 2002 Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Resources in Waterloo Region General Canadian Cancer Society - Waterloo Region www. cancer .ca 886-8888 Canadian Health Network www.canadian-health-network.ca Cancer Care Ontario www.cancercare.on.ca Cancer Information Services Canadian Cancer Society 1-888-939-3333 Grand River Regional Cancer Centre www.grrcc.on.ca 749-4380 Health Canada www.hc-sc.gc.ca Local Cancer Prevention Community Events www.communityevents.ca Region of Waterloo Public Health Heart Health and Cancer Prevention Program www.region.waterloo.on.ca 883-2253 Cervical ...

Skin cancer detection by spectroscopic oblique-incidence reflectometry: classification and physiological origins Alejandro Garcia-Uribe, Nasser Kehtarnavaz, Guillermo Marquez, Victor Prieto, Madeleine Duvic, and Lihong V. Wang Data obtained from 102 skin lesions in vivo by spectroscopic oblique-incidence reflectometry were ana- lyzed. The participating physicians initially divided the skin lesions into two visually distinguishable groups based on the lesions’ melanocytic conditions. Group 1 consisted of the following two cancerous and benign subgroups: 1 basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas and 2 benign actinic keratoses, seborrheic keratoses, and warts. Group 2 consisted of 1 dysplastic nevi and 2 benign common nevi. For each group, a bootstrap-based Bayes classifier was designed to separate the benign from the dysplastic or cancerous tissues. A genetic algorithm was then used to ...