AllDocs -> cancers

7 th Biennial Symposium on Minorities, the Medically Underserved and Cancer Supplement to Cancer Beliefs and Attitudes of Samoan Women toward Early Detection of Breast Cancer and Mammography Utilization Dianne N. Ishida, Ph.D. 1 Tusitala F. Toomata-Mayer, B.S. 2 Nafanua S. Braginsky, B.S. 3 1 University of Hawai`i at Manoa, School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene, Honolulu, Hawai`i. 2 Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawai`i. 3 Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawai`i. Presented at the 7 th Biennial Symposium on Mi- norities, the Medically Underserved and Cancer , Washington, DC, February 9–13, 2000 This research was funded by the University of Hawai`i Research Council. The authors acknowledge the contributions ...

1690 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 51, NO. 8, AUGUST 2003 Microwave Imaging via Space-Time Beamforming for Early Detection of Breast Cancer Essex J. Bond , Student Member, IEEE , Xu Li , Student Member, IEEE , Susan C. Hagness , Member, IEEE , and Barry D. Van Veen , Fellow, IEEE Abstract— A method of microwave imaging via space-time (MIST) beamforming is proposed for detecting early-stage breast cancer . An array of antennas is located near the surface of the breast and an ultrawideband (UWB) signal is transmitted se- quentially from each antenna. The received backscattered signals are passed through a space-time beamformer that is designed to image backscattered signal energy as a function of location. The beamformer spatially focuses the backscattered signals to discriminate against clutter and noise while compensating for frequency-dependent ...

BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL VOLUME 195 NO. 5 SEPTEMBER 13 2003 277 The role of primary healthcare professionals in oral cancer prevention and detection L. M. D. Macpherson, 1 M. F. McCann, 2 J. Gibson, 3 V. I. Binnie 4 and K. W. Stephen 5 Aim To investigate current knowledge, examination habits and preventive practices of primary healthcare professionals in Scotland, with respect to oral cancer , and to determine any relevant training needs. Setting Primary care. Method Questionnaires were sent to a random sample of 357 general medical practitioners (GMPs) and 331 dental practitioners throughout Scotland. Additionally, focus group research and interviews were conducted amongst primary healthcare team members. Results Whilst 58% of dental respondents reported examining regularly for signs of oral cancer ...

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 2004 62 aspiration cytology (6). Advocates of prostate cancer screening argue that PSA measurement would help to select an at risk group while transurethral ultrasonography (TRUS) and biopsy would identify clinically occult early tumours in this group (6). This article evaluates the performance of serum PSA measurement in patients suspected of having prostate cancer and comparing with histological examination of prostate biopsy specimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study of all patients who were referred to the Chemical Pathology department of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria for serum PSA was included in the study. The histopathology Laboratory records and medical records were searched for the patient who’s serum PSA Level was determined between December 2000 and August 2002. The hospital records were ...

1 Welcome to Dumfries & Galloway NHS Board One of the roles of the NHS Board is to examine the health needs of Dumfries & Galloway and plan services to meet those needs. We use health information to help decide how we can best spend the money we’re allocated by the Scottish Executive to improve the health of as many people as possible in our region. Everyone has different ideas about what should be the top priority when it comes to spending money on health care. There are also government targets for improving the health of the nation that we try our best to meet. So it can be a difficult juggling act to keep everyone happy. This document is a brief summary of the current health of Dumfries & Galloway. We measure many things to help us build a picture of how healthy our region is overall, such as types of illnesses, death rates and levels of deprivation. We also regularly ask people about their lifestyle, ...

cancer detection TITLE PAGE Manuscript Title: Effectiveness of a dynamic breast examination training model to improve clinical breast examination (CBE) skills Running Title: Dynamic clinical breast exam training model Authors: Gregory J. Gerling, M.S., Industrial Engineering, University of Iowa Industrial Engineering 3131 Seamans Center Iowa City, Iowa 52242 (319)-358-1615 Alicia M. Weissman, M.D., Family Medicine, University of Iowa Family Medicine 01291-A PFP Iowa City, Iowa 52242 (319)-384-7765 Geb W. Thomas, PhD, Industrial Engineering, University of Iowa Industrial Engineering 2404 Seamans Center Iowa City, Iowa 52242 (319)-335-5936 Edwin L. Dove, PhD, Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa Biomedical Engineering 1412 Seamans Center Iowa City, Iowa 52242 ...

ORAL CANCER BACKGROUND PAPERS Chapter V: Early Detection , Diagnosis and Staging Working Draft Page 2 Chapter V: Early Detection , Diagnosis and Staging V-1 A. State of the Science Screening and Early Detection Screening for oral cancer should include a thorough history and physical examination. The clinician 1,2 should visually inspect and palpate the head, neck, oral, and pharyngeal regions. This procedure involves digital palpation of neck node regions, bimanual palpation of the floor of mouth and tongue, and inspection with palpation and observation of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa with an adequate light source; mouth mirrors are essential to the examination. Forceful protraction of the tongue with gauze is necessary to visualize fully the posterior lateral tongue and tongue base. The clinician should review the social, ...

Chromosomal Breakpoint Detection in Human Cancer Kees Jong 1 , Elena Marchiori 1 , Aad van der Vaart 1 , Bauke Ylstra 2 , Marjan Weiss 2 , and Gerrit Meijer 2 1 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Free University Amsterdam, The Netherlands cjong,elena,aad@cs.vu.nl 2 VU University Medical Center Free University Amsterdam, The Netherlands b.ylstra,ga.meijer,mm.weiss@vumc.nl Abstract. Chromosomal aberrations are differences in DNA sequence copy number of chromosome regions 3 . These differences may be crucial genetic events in the development and progression of human cancers. Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization is a laboratory method used in cancer research for the measurement of chromosomal aberrations in tumor genomes. A recurrent aberration ...

Analysis of Proteomic Pattern Data for Cancer Detection Kees Jong, Elena Marchiori, and Aad van der Vaart Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands cjong,elena,aad@cs.vu.nl Abstract. In this paper we analyze two proteomic pattern datasets con- taining measurements from ovarian and prostate cancer samples. In par- ticular, a linear and a quadratic support vector machine (SVM) are ap- plied to the data for distinguishing between cancer and benign status. On the ovarian dataset SVM gives excellent results, while the prostate dataset seems to be a harder classification problem for SVM. The prostate dataset is futher analyzed by means of an evolutionary algorithm for feature selection (EAFS) that searches for small subsets of features in order to optimize the SVM performance. In general, the subsets of fea- tures generated by EAFS vary over ...

A pproved for public release; further dissemination unlimited Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy Preprint UCRL-JC-147571 Novel Ultrasound Sensor and Reconstruction Algorithm for Breast Cancer Detection J. S. Kallman, A. E. Ashby, D. R. Ciarlo, G. H. Thomas This article was Era of Hope, Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program Meeting, Orlando, Florida, September 25-28, 2002 September 9, 2002 Page 2 DISCLAIMER This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor the University of California nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness ...

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PRE- VENTION – N ATIONAL C ENTER FOR C HRONIC D ISEASE P REVENTION AND H EALTH P ROMOTION 888-842-6355 http://www.cdc.gov Administers the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program, National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, National Program of Cancer Registries and other prevention and educa- tion initiatives. Provides access to morbidity and mor- tality reports, guidelines and other published health data and to the National Center for Health Statistics. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 888-INFO-FDA (463-6332) http://www.fda.gov Provides information about new drugs and mammog- raphy quality standards and lists certified mammog- raphy sites. ...

Abstract. This paper presents the first application of spatially correlated neutral models to the detection of changes in mortality rates across space and time using the local Moran’s I statistic. Sequential Gaussian simulation is used to generate realizations of the spatial distribution of mortality rates under increasingly stringent conditions: 1) reproduction of the sample histogram, 2) reproduction of the pattern of spatial autocorrelation modeled from the data, 3) incorporation of regional background obtained by geostatistical smoothing of observed mortality rates, and 4) incorporation of smooth regional background observed at a prior time interval. The simulated neutral models are then processed using two new spatio-temporal variants of the Moran’s I statistic,which allowonetoidentifysignificant changesinmortalityrates above and beyond past spatial patterns. Last, the results are displayed using an ...

1 1 Use of Thermal Texture Maps (TTM) in Breast Cancer Detection – Bioyear Concept Presented by Hairong Qi, Ph.D., University of Tennessee, Knoxville Prof. Zhongqi Liu, Bioyear, Inc. December 4-6, 2001 The Workshop on the Applications of IR Imaging and Automatic Target Recognition Image Processing for Early Detection of Breast Cancer Page 2 2 2 1. Most slides are explained in detail in the “note” page. Use View Notes page to see the caption 2. All the slicing results are presented as an animated gif. Animations can be viewed by playing the presentation. Use View Slide Show to play the presentation 3. Please contact Hairong Qi ( hqi@utk.edu , 865- 974-8527) for any questions and comments. Thank you. Page 3 3 3 TTM Slicing - A New ...

Christian Brambilla is Director of a French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) Research Unit on molecular basis of lung cancer progression at the Grenoble Joseph Fourier University. He is a Professor of Pulmonology trained in oncology and pulmonary pathology and Head of the Department of Acute Specialized Medicine (Pulmonology, Infectious Disease, Critical Care, Parenteral Nutrition) at the Grenoble University Hospital. Professor Brambilla is a founding member of the European Lung Cancer Early Detection Group and the co-ordinator of a European Network of Excellence application on Lung Cancer Professor Christian Brambilla 1 , Frédéric Fievet 1 , Michel Jeanmart 1 , Florence de Fraipont 2 , Sylvie Lantuejoul 2 , Violaine Frappat ...

Spring 2000 1 Early Detection of Breast Cancer in Counties Participating in the Illinois Breast and Cervical Cancer Program The Illinois Breast and Cervical Cancer Program (IBCCP) provides free or reduced cost mammograms, Pap tests, and other related screening and diagnostic services to income-eligible Illinois women. Funded through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ’s National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, it began as a demonstration program in 1995 in DuPage, Lake and Peoria counties. Illinois continued to receive federal funding to augment IBCCP in 1996 and 1997. In 1999, IBCCP was able to begin providing screening services to eligible women living in all 102 Illinois counties. The IBCCP targets women who are at or below 200 percent of the federal poverty guideline. Women eligible for breast ...

Real-Time Elastography for Prostate Cancer Detection : Preliminary Experience Abstract published in "Urology" / Contribution to the RSNA 2003 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Authors: Andrea Klauser MD Florian Koppelstaetter MD Wolfgang Horninger MD Andreas Berger MD Andreas Lorenz MD Andreas Pesavento MD Ferdinand Frauscher MD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Keywords: Prostate, US Prostate neoplasms Ultrasound (US), tissue characterization ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract: Purpose : To assess the value of real-time elastography in the detection of prostate cancer . Methods and Materials : Fifteen patients with biopsy proven prostate cancer were studied prior radical prostatectomy. Elastography ...

Detection of prostate cancer by integration of line-scan diffusion, T2-mapping and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging; a multichannel statistical classifier Ian Chan and William Wells III Surgical Planning Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Division of MRI, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Robert V. Mulkern Children’s Hospital Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Steven Haker and Jianqing Zhang Surgical Planning Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Division of MRI, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Kelly H. Zou Surgical Planning Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Division of MRI, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, ...

Development and Validation of Methods for Detection of Prostate Cancer Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Patrik Finne Academic Dissertation To be publicly discussed with the permission of the Medical Faculty of the University of Helsinki in the Auditorium of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology on October 27, 2000, at 12 o’clock noon ISBN 952-91-2701-4 ISBN 952-91-2702-2 (PDF) http://ethesis.helsinki.fi Helsinki 2000 Yliopistopaino Page 2 This thesis was supervised by Professor Ulf-Håkan Stenman, M.D., Ph.D. University of Helsinki Finland and reviewed by Professor Timo Hakulinen, Sc.D. University of Helsinki Finland and Professor Hans Lilja, M.D., Ph.D Lund University Sweden Opponent: Professor Jonas Hugosson, M.D., Ph.D. Göteborg University ...

I NFORMATION A BOUT B REAST C ANCER WHAT IS BREAST CANCER ? B reast cancer is the most common form of cancer that affects women. Although it is much more rare, men can get breast cancer as well. About one in eight women in the United States will develop breast cancer in her life- time. However, cancer is just one of many possible breast diseases, and not all of these are harmful. H OW B REAST D ISEASES F ORM The body is made up of very small cells. Normal cells in the body grow and die in a controlled way. Sometimes cells keep dividing and growing without normal con- trols, causing an abnormal growth called a tumor. Some tumors of the breast are actu- ally benign, which means they are slow growing and harmless, ...

Optical molecular imaging for early detection of cancer Abstract: We describe a comprehensive strategy to develop inexpensive, rugged and portable optical imaging systems for molecular imaging of cancer , which couples the development of optically active contrast agents with advances in functional genomics of cancer . Progress toward a molecular characterization of cancer would have important clinical benefits, including (1) detecting cancer earlier based on molecular characterization, (2) predicting the risk of precancerous lesion progression, (3) detecting margins in the operating room in real time, (4) selecting molecular therapy rationally and (5) monitoring response to therapy in real time at a molecular level. While molecular markers can be visualized in vitro using complex immunohistochemical staining protocols, there is an important need to image the molecular features of cancer in vivo. Imaging the molecular ...

Abstrac t- Current density imaging (CDI) using a magnetic resonance (MR) imager has been shown to accurately measure electrical current density in a conductive object [1]. CDI measures the magnetic field generated by the current and converts it to current density (CD) by computing its curl. Therefore, CDI avoids both the inverse problem and invasiveness of other electrical measurement techniques such as electrical impedance tomography and direct electrode measurement. In this study, CDI is used to measure the three dimensional current density distribution inside the breast phantom using the same electrode location as the non-invasive breast cancer detection device. The current flow lines inside the phantom were also examined using the streamline analysis. This study experimentally characterized the sensitivity of the electrode configuration and confirmed its ability to ...

Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP) HORMONE HISTORY 1. Have you ever used female hormones for reasons such as menopausal symptoms or prevention of bone loss? 1 |__| YES ? What type of hormones have you used? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY) 2 |__| NO (GO TO THE Estrogen pills (that is, pills containing only NEXT SECTION) estrogen) Progesterone/progestin pills (that is, 8 |__| DON’T KNOW (GO TO THE pills containing only progesterone/ NEXT SECTION) progestin) Pills containing both estrogen and progesterone/progestin in the same pill Shots Vaginal creams or suppositories Patch Other (specify) __ Don’t know BOX B For the next several questions, we are interested only in female hormones that were taken in the form of pills. If you have never taken any hormone pills, please go to the next section. ...

Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP) SECTION D. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY The next questions are about your level of physical activity. D1. When you were in high school or college, did you play on a school athletic team such as field hockey, volleyball, basketball, softball, or track? (Please do not include sports played in gym or intramural sports.) 1 |__| YES 2 |__| NO D2. The following is a list of activities with which some people have difficulty because of a health or physical reason. Please read the activity, and then check ( v ) for each activity whether you currently have no difficulty, some difficulty, much difficulty, or are unable to do the activity at all, when you are by yourself and without aid. (PLEASE CHECK ONE BOX FOR EACH ACTIVITY.) 1. NO DIFFICULTY 2. SOME DIFFICULTY 3. MUCH DIFFICULTY 4. UNABLE TO DO ...

Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP) SECTION E. DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS These next questions are about your use of certain prescription and non-prescription drugs and medications. E1. Have you ever used any of the following types of drugs or medications regularly, that is at least once a week for a year? This means that you took the drug/medication at least once a week for 52 consecutive weeks. a. Diuretics or water pills 1 |__| YES 2 |__| NO 8 |__| NOT SURE b. Cimetidine (Tagamet) or ranitidine (Zantac) 1 |__| YES 2 |__| NO 8 |__| NOT SURE c. Tranquilizers, such as Valium or Librium 1 |__| YES 2 |__| NO 8 |__| NOT SURE d. Aspirin or other drugs containing aspirin products, such as Bufferin or Anacin 1 |__| YES 2 |__| NO 8 |__| NOT SURE e. Tylenol 1 |__| YES 2 |__| NO 8 |__| NOT SURE ...

Abstract. The crucial step in cellular immortalisation seems to be the activation of telomerase, the enzyme that synthesizes telomere repeat ending sequences. Since the telomerase activity has been detected in almost all types of cancer tissue it has been proposed as new reliable tumor marker. This study was conducted to evaluate the significance of appearance of circulating RNA for telomerase subunits hTR and hTERT in the plasma of cancer patients. Seven healthy volunteers, 25 primary breast cancer patients (stage I-III), 29 patients with advanced malignant melanoma (stage III-IV), and 4 patients with advanced thyroid cancer (stage III-IV) were included in the study. The total RNA was extracted from plasma samples, reverse transcribed to cDNAs, and specific cDNAs for hTR and hTERT were amplified by semi-nested PCR. In healthy volunteers, the control GAPDH was positive in all, hTR was positive ...

FEASIBILITY STUDY OF EARLY BREAST CANCER DETECTION USING INFRARED IMAGING Ashish Gupta, Ph.D. Candidate School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907-2088 Acknowledgements Prof. Jay. P. Gore, Prof. Lisa X. Xu Purdue Research Foundation, Indiana 21 st Century R&D Funds Mid Infrared Sensing Diagnostics and Control Consortium Page 2 MOTIVATION Breast Cancer is a leading cause of deaths in women due to cancer . Mammography is FDA approved gold standard methodology for screening women. Early detection is the best defense against breast cancer . Alternate imaging modalities like Ultrasound, PET and MRI are being explored. (Drawbacks) Why alternate imaging modalities are being sought ? Early detection is the best defense against breast cancer Mammography ...

July 2003, Vol. 32 No. 4 433 Preoperative Detection by Mammography of Breast Cancer —M Muttarak et al * Professor ** Assistant Professor Department of Radiology *** Associate Professor Department of Pathology Chiang Mai University, Thailand Address for Reprints: Professor Malai Muttarak, Department of Radiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Email: mmuttara@med.cmu.ac.th Breast Cancer in Women Under 40 Years: Preoperative Detection by Mammography M Muttarak,* MD , S Pojchamarnwiputh,** MD , B Chaiwun,*** MD Abstract Introduction: This article assesses the diagnostic sensitivity of mammography in the preoperative detection of breast cancer in young women. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1010 women with breast carcinoma between January 1996 and September ...

Abstract. The clinical significance of free cancer cells in pleural lavage fluid detected by molecular methods during surgery remains uncertain in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). We therefore evaluated the relationship between free cancer cells and clinicopathological findings, and compared the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method with conventional cytological examination. Pleural lavage fluid from 38 consecutive patients was obtained at two time points; immediately after thoracotomy and before thorax closure. Papanicolaou and Giemsa staining as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific RT-PCR were performed. The positivity rates obtained using cytological examination and CEA-mRNA expression were 5.3 and 15.8%, respectively. Positive results were observed in pleural lavage fluid after tumor resection. No significant differences in clinicopathologic factors ...

Breast Cancer : Early Detection Is Your Best Defense After skin cancer , breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among American women. The number of new cases diagnosed exceeds 180,000 each year, and more than 40,000 women die from the disease on average each year. That’s why it’s important to know as much as possible about the risk factors, signs and symptoms of breast cancer and screening methods. The more you know, the better your chance of catching the cancer before it has spread and getting treated in time. Know your risk factors The first step in breast cancer detection is to know your level of risk. While the precise causes of breast cancer are not known, it is clear that as you age, your chance of developing breast cancer increases. In fact, the majority of women who develop breast cancer don’t have any risk factors other than their older age. Breast ...

Microcavity Lasers for Cancer Cell Detection ME 381 Introduction to MEMS Final Paper 12/6/2002 Aaron Gin Kathryn Mayes Ryan M c Clintock Will M c Bride Page 2 2 1) Project Summary With the advancement of medicine, high-speed processing of biological cells has become an increasingly important tool to quickly diagnose and treat a wide variety of diseases and illnesses. To further improve the identification of cells, particularly cancerous ones, the authors propose a microfabricated cavity laser device that is capable of differentiating between individual cells. The analysis is performed using stimulated or pumped laser emission from the resonant optical cavity of the device. This light is partially transmitted through the individual cells in the resonant cavity and is then analyzed by a variety of hardware ...