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Classification of Cervical Cancer Cells Using HMLP Network with Confidence Percentage and Confidence Level Analysis. N. A. Mat-Isa 1 , M. Y. Mashor 2 , N. H. Othman 3 1,2 Control and Electronic Intelligent System (CELIS) Research Group, School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia 1 E-mail: ashidi75@yahoo.co.uk 2 E-mail: yusof@eng.usm.my 3 Pathology Department, School of Medical Science Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. E-mail: hayati@kb.usm.my Abstract In most previous studies, the analysis on the ability of neural networks to be used as a good cervical cancer diagnosis technique is only based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, false negative and false positive. In the ...

Presymptomatic diagnosis of hereditary breast cancer Published Oct 5, 2000 Version 1 Findings by SBU Alert The discovery that mutations in two specific genes increase the risk for breast cancer and ovarian cancer has opened new opportunities to prevent hereditary cancer . Special programs to identify, investigate, follow up, and treat individuals with hereditary breast cancer are being developed in Sweden. There is good* evidence that certain genes are associated with the risk for cancer . There is moderate* evidence regarding the effects of preventive interventions in women at high risk for cancer . However, no studies address the effects of morbidity, mortality, and cost-effectiveness of entire programs. There is little opportunity to assess programs for genetic screening in randomized clinical trials. However, it is essential to analyze the overall effects of mortality and ...

Presymptomatic diagnosis of hereditary colorectal cancer Published Oct 5, 2000 Version 1 Findings by SBU Alert People with a hereditary disposition for colorectal cancer are at high risk for developing cancer during their lifetime. Methods are available both to determine whether such a predisposition exists and to detect early stages of cancer . Given this information, patients can be screened via regular examination of the colon (coloscopy) and in some cases be offered preventive surgery, which substantially reduces the risk for cancer . There is good* evidence concerning the association between the prevalence of certain genes and the risk for cancer . There is moderate* evidence regarding the effects of preventive interventions in individuals at high risk. Assessments are lacking on how total programs affect survival, quality-of-life, and costs. Due to ethical and practical ...

¦ V O L 5 8 , N O 1 1 / N O V 2 0 0 2 c o n t e m p o r a r y s u r g e r y 566 ©2002 Dowden Health Media ARCHANA GANARAJ, MD; JEANNE A. PETREK, MD supraclavicular, or inguinal adenopa- thy. Beginning inferior to the infra- mammary fold was a non-ptotic breast mound 10 cm x 8 cm x 4 cm in height from the abdominal wall with a small but well-formed areola and nipple. A firm, 2-cm, non-tender, mobile mass was noted centrally and inferiorly within the accessory breast mound with no associated skin changes or discharge from the supernumerary nipple. Further evaluation of this mass included ultra- sound, which demonstrated a hypoechoic mass with posterior acoustic shadowing, and mammography in a special medial-lateral view, which demonstrated a 2- cm spiculated lesion suspicious for malignancy (Figure 1) . Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of ...

March 2000, Vol. 29 No. 2 153 Fluorescence Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer after 5-ALA—W Lau et al Cystoscopic Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer by Intravesical Instillation of 5- Aminolevulinic Acid Induced Porphyrin Fluorescence—The Singapore Experience C W S Cheng,* FAMS, MBBS, FRCS (Edin & Glas) , W K O Lau,** MBBS, M Med, FRCS , P H Tan,*** FAMS, MBBS, FRCPA , M Olivo,**** PhD, BSc, BEd Abstract Objectives: 1) To determine whether fluorescence cystoscopy after intravesical administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is more sensitive in detection of dysplasia and bladder cancer when compared with conventional cystoscopy. 2) To determine the safety of using 5- ALA. Materials and Methods: A 3% 5-ALA solution was instilled intravesically before cystoscopy in 41 patients. The 5-ALA-induced porphyrin fluorescence ...

International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies - CompSysTech’2003 - - A Fuzzy Expert System Design for Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer Ismail SARITAS, Novruz ALLAHVERDI and Ibrahim Unal SERT Abstract: In this study a fuzzy expert system design for diagnosing, analyzing and learning purpose of the prostate cancer diseases was described. For this process it was used prostate specific antigen (PSA), age and prostate volume (PV) as input parameters and prostate cancer risk (PCR) as output. This system allows determining if there is a need for the biopsy and it gives to user a range of the risk of the cancer diseases. There was observed that this system is rapid, economical, without risk than traditional diagnostic systems, has also a high reliability and can be used as learning system for medicine students. Keywords: Fuzzy logic, expert system, prostate cancer ...

2 On the Pulse NHS Fast track cancer diagnosis Quick testing and diagnosis are what everyone wants if they suspect they may have cancer . For around two years the one stop breast cancer clinic at St Albans has offered test and diagnosis in one day and is now meeting the government’s target of seeing all patients with suspected breast cancer within two weeks of referral. Patients are referred by their GPs, usually by fax. They are then sent an appointment letter to attend the clinic within two weeks and asked to fill in a simple questionnaire to give the consultant details of their medical history, their symptoms and any drugs they may be taking. After an examination and discussion with a consultant, a decision is made on what tests need to be done. Specialist radiographers and nurses carry out mammograms, ultrasound ...

50 Years of Cancer Control in India 60 ROLE OF TUMOR MARKERS AND RECENT ADVANCES IN CANCER DIAGNOSIS Manisha Bhutani, Amish Vora and Vinod Kochupillai INTRODUCTION The diagnosis of cancer relies primarily on invasive tissue biopsy, as noninvasive diagnostic tests are generally insufficient to define a disease process of cancer . The conventional histopathology based on light microscopy, however, has recently been complemented with ultrastructure, immunohistochemistry and molecular diagnostics. Molecular medicine has led to the discovery and application of molecular tumor markers, which make histology more accurate and additionally help to prognosticate cancer . Simultaneously, oncologic imaging has undergone remarkable advances. The imaging paradigm is shifting from anatomic and spatial 2D and 3D images to a focus on molecular, functional, biologic and genetic ...

Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis via Linear Programming Olvi L. Mangasarian, W. Nick Street y & William H. Wolberg z Mathematical Programming Technical Report 94-10 Revised December 19, 1994 Abstract Two medical applications of linear programming are described in this paper. Specically, linear- programming-based machine learning techniques are usedtoincreasetheaccuracyandobjectivityofbreast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The rst application to breast cancer diagnosis utilizes characteristics of individual cells, obtained from a minimally invasive ne needle aspirate, to discriminate benign from ma- lignant breast lumps. This allows an accurate diag- nosis without the need for a surgical biopsy. The di- agnostic system in current operation at University of WisconsinHospitals was trained on samples from 569 patients and has had 100% ...

FACTA UNIVERSITATIS Series : Medicine and Biology Vol.9, No 3, 2002, pp. 223 - 226 UC 618.19-006:616-076 THE ROLE OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY IN BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS Nebojša Ðordevic 1 , Sladana Filipovic 2 , Miomir Pešic 1 , Mihajlo Ðordevic 1 , Aleksandar Karanikolic 1 , Toplica Bojic 1 1 University of Niš, Surgical Clinic, 2 University of Niš, Clinic of Oncology, Niš, Serbia Summary . Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a relatively new method of evaluation of breast cancer spread. The procedure is a specific test able to demonstrate whether the breast cancer has spread and invaded axillary lymph glands. Axillary dissection is still being performed in over 50% of breast cancer patients with histologically negative ...

#105 Development of an Immunologically-Based Cancer Diagnosis System Abstract Over the past few decades, artificial intelligence has found an increased source of inspiration from biology. Many modern computational paradigms draw from biological concepts to solve complex real-world problems and applications. Recently, an area that has witnessed an increased level of attention is artificial immune systems (AIS). AIS aim at using concepts derived from immunology in order to develop systems capable of performing a wide range of tasks. Because AIS excels at adaptive ability, sophisticated pattern recognition, learning, and memory capabilities, it is hence, capable of being applied to many areas of research; currently, medicine is being explored as a plausible application of AIS. Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the second most common cause of cancer - related deaths in the male population of the United ...

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, VOL. 46, NO. 10, OCTOBER 1999 1253 Virtual Reality-Based Training for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer Grigore Burdea,* Senior Member, IEEE, George Patounakis, Viorel Popescu, and Robert E. Weiss Abstract— Prostate malignancies are the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men. The most common method of detecting this disease is digital rectal examination (DRE). Current DRE training is inadequate, since the number of patients that students can practice on is limited. Furthermore, allied care personnel do not train in screening for prostate cancer . Finally, there is no objective way to follow the improvement in DRE skills for medical personnel. This paper presents a virtual reality-based simulator that addresses the above problems. The prototype consists of a PHANToM haptic interface which provides ...

1 DESIGN OF CONSISTENT SYSTEM FOR RADIOLOGISTS TO SUPPORT BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS Boris Kovalerchuk, Department of Computer Science, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 98926-7520, USA borisk@cwu.edu Evgenii Vityaev, Institute of Mathematics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia vityaev@math.nsk.ru James F. Ruiz Department of Radiology, Woman’s Hospital, Baton Rouge, LA 70895-9009, USA ABSTRACT The overall purpose of this study is to develop a prototype radiologic consultation system. The system should provide a second diagnostic opinion based on similar cases, incorporating the experience of many radiologists, their diagnostic rules and a data base of previous cases. The system allows a radiologist to enter the description of a particular case using the lexicon such as BI-RADS of American College ...

NSW Health: Statewide Data Standards Data Collections: ISC Page: 1 of 4 Date of Diagnosis of Primary Cancer Item Details The table below shows the characteristics of this data item. Title Date of Diagnosis of Primary Cancer Version 1 Revision 2 Format 8 Characters – DDMMYYYY Effective Start Date 1 July 2000 Effective End Date Current Preceded By n.a. Standard International Agency for Research on Cancer , World Health Organisation and International Association of Cancer Registries. Collection Points Formal Discharge Type Change Separation HIE Name TBA HIE Table TBA Last Updated On 25 September 2002 Instruction Report the date the primary cancer was first diagnosed. Coverage Complete this question ...

Novato Tiburon San Rafael Mil Val ey Larkspur Corte Madera Fairfax Ross Sausalito Belvedere San Anselmo Woodacre Inverness Tomales Stinson Beach Marin City Point Reyes Station Kentfield Lagunitas Olema Bel Marin Keys Nicasio San Geronimo Bolinas Marinwood Novato Tiburon San Rafael Mil Val ey Larkspur Corte Madera Fairfax Ross Sausalito Belvedere San Anselmo Woodacre Inverness Tomales Stinson Beach Marin City Point Reyes Station Kentfield Lagunitas Olema Bel Marin Keys Nicasio San Geronimo Bolinas Marinwood Breast Cancer by Residence at Time of Diagnosis in White Women Marin County, 1988-1992, n = 1090 5 0 5 2.5 Miles *Marin County 1990 census tracts were compared using ...

Contents 2 Imaging Techniques Help Diagnose Previously Undetected Hepatic Tumors 2 New Physicians Join Liver Disease & Transplant Team 3 Liver Biopsy Offers Significant Insight for Managing Hepatitis C 4 Research Uncovers New Therapies for Treating Liver Cancer In cases of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, AFP levels are notoriously normal. To increase the sensitivity of AFP to 85%, the des-gamma- carboxyprothrombin (DCP) tumor marker is used in some institutions, particularly in Japan. Periodic ultrasound examination offers the best HCC surveillance tool because it has more sensitivity and specificity than AFP. However, recommendations from recent conferences advocate: • Older patients with cirrhosis or with certain congenital metabolic conditions known to be at risk for ...

Insights into Sources of Error in Diagnosis of Lung Cancer from Chest Radiography. David Manning PhD, Susan Ethell BSc Department of Medical Imaging Sciences, St Martin’s College, Lancaster, LA1 3JD UK. Abstract. A test bank of verified chest radiographs was compiled for visual search experiments to investigate human performance in the detection of significant pulmonary nodules. A measure of the physical characteristics of the lesions was derived in order to determine the conspicuity, ? , of the nodules and investigate possible causes of failed detection. Performance in nodule detection was measured by AFROC and supplemented with visual search recording. Correlation of AFROC scores and the ? values showed poor correlation that may be explained through inspection of the visual search recordings. Most nodules were fixated and there was an increase in visual attention given to the nodules in the middle range ...

Family Practice doi:10.1093/fampra/cmi093 Ó The Author (2005). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. Pathways to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer : an observational study in three UK cities Jacqueline Barrett a , Moyez Jiwa b , Peter Rose c and William Hamilton d Barrett J, Jiwa M, Rose P and Hamilton W. Pathways to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer : an observational study in three UK cities. Family Practice 2005; Pages 1–5 of 5. Background. Colorectal cancer can present in a variety of ways, and with any of several symptoms. Different referral routes from primary to secondary care cater for these different presentations. The route that has received most investment in the UK National Health Service is the 2-week clinic, but the proportions of patients taking this and other routes to diagnosis are largely ...

Clinical: Pancreatic Cancer 290 Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic Carcinoma Z. Puchalski, J.R. Ladny, R. Hady, W. Serwatka, M. Kokoszko Ist Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Background: The aim of study was the presentation of our experience in diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic carcinoma. Patients and Methods: Between 1984 and 2001 at our Department was treated 378 patients with carcinoma of the exocrine portion of the pancreas. There were 226 males and 152 females with a mean age of 58.9 years. In 254 cases (69.9 per cent) the primary seat of tumor was located in the head and in 124 cases (30.1 per ent) in the body or tail of pancreas. The diagnosis was determined on the basis of clinical symptoms and labo- ratory investigation. Diagnostic accuracy of X-ray and US investigations was as fol- lows: ultrasonography ...

Clinical: Pancreatic Cancer 275 Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies for Endocrine Tumors of the Pancreas W. Kimura, A. Fuse, S. Nawata, M. Kamiga, I. Hirai First Department of Surgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan Methods: A clinicopathological analysis of endocrine tumors of the pancreas, using 800 autopsy cases was accomplished. Results: Endocrine tumors and similar lesions were found in 3% or 24 cases. Twenty lesions were found to be tumors and five lesions were determined to be hyperplasia of Langerhans islets. Incidence of tumor was 10% (6/60) in individuals having histologi- cal studies of all sections of the pancreas, and 1.6% (12/738) in individuals having his- tological studies of three random sections of the pancreas. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed hormone production in all 20 tumor cases and multiple hormone ...

New Technologies to Improve Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Breakthroughs in cancer diagnosis and treatment are helping save more patients’ lives than ever before. National Cancer Institute statistics show the cancer death rate is falling by more than 1% each year. Advances in technology are not only saving peoples’ lives but also helping improve the productivity of our health care system and reduce overall costs. Many of these exciting innovations are on display at the National Dialogue on Cancer event Cancer Research: New Technology’s Role in Diagnosis and Treatment. Colon Cancer Colorectal cancer often is diagnosed late and results in death. It is estimated that there will be 138,900 new cases in 2001 with a projected death toll of 57,100. Even though colorectal cancer is most curable if detected in the early stages, many Americans are failing to be screened for ...

NSW Health: Statewide Data Standards Data Collections: ISC Page: 1 of 2 Best Basis for Primary Cancer Diagnosis at this episode Item Details The table below shows the characteristics of this data item. Title Best Basis of Primary Cancer Diagnosis at this Episode Version 1 Format 1 Character – Alpha/Numeric Effective Start Date 1 July 2000 Effective End Date Current Preceded By n.a. Standard NSW Cancer Registry Related Standards International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Second Edition, World Health Organisation. Collection Points Formal Admission HIE Name TBA HIE Table TBA Last Updated On 18 January 2002 Instruction Report the best basis of diagnosis of this primary cancer at this episode. Note: The best basis states ...

NSW Health: Statewide Data Standards Data Collections: ISC Page: 1 of 4 State of Residence at Time of Diagnosis of Primary Cancer Item Details The table below shows the characteristics of this data item. Titles State/Territory at Time of Diagnosis of Primary Cancer Version 1 Format 1 Character – Alpha/Numeric Effective Start Date 1 July 2000 Effective End Date Current Preceded By n.a. Standard NSW Health Department Collection Points On Formal Admission HIE Name TBA HIE Table TBA Last Updated On 18 January 2002 Instruction Report the State the patient usually resided in at the time they were first diagnosed with the primary cancer being reported. Coverage Complete this question for all patients who were diagnosed with a primary ...

P2 CANCER . BASIC ASPECTS 69 Real-Time K-Ras Mutational Analysis Diagnosis of Early Pancreatic Duct Adenocarcinoma T. Wong 1 , N. Howes 1 , M.G. Lombard 2 , H.L. Smart 2 , I. Gilmore 2 , R. Sutton, F. Campbell 3 , Y. Kang 1 , I. Ellis 4 , W. Greenhalf 1 , J.P. Neoptolemos 1 Dept. of Surgery 1 , Gastroenterology 2 , Pathology 3 , Clinical Genetics 4 , University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK Purpose : K-Ras mutations occur in 75–80% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Conventional screening modalities such as computed tomography and ERCP are limited in detecting early, potentially curable lesions and in this study, we investigate the ...

Multiclass cancer diagnosis using tumor gene expression signatures Sridhar Ramaswamy* † , Pablo Tamayo*, Ryan Rifkin* ‡ , Sayan Mukherjee* ‡ , Chen-Hsiang Yeang* § , Michael Angelo*, Christine Ladd*, Michael Reich*, Eva Latulippe ¶ , Jill P. Mesirov*, Tomaso Poggio ‡ , William Gerald ¶ , Massimo Loda † , Eric S. Lander* , **, and Todd R. Golub* ††‡‡ *Whitehead Institute Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, MA 02138; Departments of † Adult and †† Pediatric Oncology, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; ¶ Department ...

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Multi-class Cancer Diagnosis Using Tumor Gene Expression Signatures http://www-genome.wi.mit.edu/MPR/GCM.html Sridhar Ramaswamy *† , Pablo Tamayo * , Ryan Rifkin *** , Sayan Mukherjee *** , Chen- Hsiang Yeang *†† , Michael Angelo * , Christine Ladd * , Michael Reich * , Eva Latulippe ¶ , Jill P. Mesirov * , Tomaso Poggio ** , William Gerald ¶ , Massimo Loda †§ , Eric S. Lander * || , Todd R. Golub *‡‡‡ * Whitehead Institute / Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, MA 02138; † Departments of Adult and ‡ Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber ...

813 MEDINFO 2004 M. Fieschi et al. (Eds) Amsterdam: IOS Press © 2004 IMIA. All rights reserved MethodsforMulti-CategoryCancerDiagnosisfromGeneExpressionData: A Comprehensive Evaluation to Inform Decision Support System Development Alexander Statnikov, Constantin F. Aliferis, Ioannis Tsamardinos Discovery Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA Alexander Statnikov, Constantin F. Aliferis, Ioannis Tsamardinos Abstract Cancer diagnosis is a major clinical applications area of gene expression microarray technology. We are seeking to develop a system for cancer diagnostic model creation based on microar- ray data. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of several major classification algorithms, gene selection methods, and cross-validation designs using 11 datasets spanning 74 diagnos- ...

© 1999 Macmillan Magazines Ltd in prion diseases. Because the serum-free supernatant of Prnp +/+ cell cultures could not rescue the phenotypes of Prnp / cells, PrP C might act autonomously. Our in vitro system provides a new way to detect the cel- lular function of PrP C in nerve cells and to establish the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis involving PrP C . Chieko Kuwahara*, Alice M. Takeuchi*, Takuya Nishimura*, Keiko Haraguchi*, Atsutaka Kubosaki*, Yasunobu Matsumoto*, Keiichi Saeki*, Yoshitsugu Matsumoto*, Takashi Yokoyama†, Shigeyoshi Itohara‡, Takashi Onodera* * Department of Molecular Immunology, School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan e-mail: aonoder@hongo.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp † National ...

Situation analysis for cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment in East, Central and Southern African countries Zvavahera M. Chirenje, 1 Simbarashe Rusakaniko, 2 Leah Kirumbi, 3 Edward W. Ngwalle, 4 Pulani Makuta-Tlebere, 5 Sam Kaggwa, 6 Winnie Mpanju-Shumbusho, 7 & Lucy Makoae 8 Objective To determine the factors influencing cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment in countries of East, Central and Southern Africa (ECSA). Methods Data were collected from randomly selected primary health care centres, district and provincial hospitals, and tertiary hospitals in each participating country. Health care workers were interviewed, using a questionnaire; the facilities for screening, diagnosing, and treating cervical cancer in each institution were recorded, using a previously designed ...

1 FILE 93-2 Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in North America, and the cancer most feared by women. This year, approximately 180,000 new cases of breast cancer will occur, and about 50,000 women will die from the disease. The incidence has risen in the past few decades. We have no known effective means of preventing this cancer (short of performing prophylactic mastectomy), so we must rely on the earliest possible diagnosis to have the best outcome. Breast cancer is one of the cancers where an early diagnosis can make a definite difference. Both prospective and retrospective studies have repeatedly shown a more favorable outcome with smaller primary lesions and fewer involved axillary lymph nodes. Of course, there are instances of biologically aggressive cancers that have an adverse prognosis no matter how small the primary tumor, but, in general, there is a direct correlation ...